( I ) Lecture Ch.1-2 + Stem Cells Flashcards by nandika dhingra

what is leukorrhea ?

white sticky substance in menstrual cycle/ovulation

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what is leukocytosis?

ELEVATED WBC count

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what does CBC (c diff.) stand for

complete blood count with differential

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what is the normal range of WBC?

5K-10K

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pts. in chemotherapy have a lower ___ count.

neutrophil

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name the 5 components of WBCs.

1) monocytes 2) neutrophils (MOST ABUNDANT) 3) basophils 4) eosinophils 5) lymphocytes

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what does leukopenia mean?

LOW WBC count

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what is ANA and what is it for?

antinuclear antibody test; tests for inflammatory disease

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what color is the blood in veins? arteries?

burgundy (veins), bright red (arterial)

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name the components of a blood sample and the percentages of each.

plasma (55%), buffy coat (<1%), erythrocytes (45%)

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what is the term for high platelet count?

thrombocytosis

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what is the term for low platelet count?

thrombocytopenia

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what are the two types of leukemia?

acute and chronic

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what are the two types of acute myeloid leukemia?

chronic myeloid, chronic lymphoblastic

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how does bone marrow produce RBCs?

through kidney signals

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explain erythropoietin and its role.

hormone from kidneys > bone marrow to make RBC

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what does lack of erythropoietin cause?

lower hemoglobin count > anemic

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what is a blood smear?

drop of blood on a glass slide, smeared (lol)

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granulocytes are from..

bone marrow

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agranulocytes are from

lymph nodes

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where is bilirubin stored?

liver (backup)

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what is the spleen responsible for?

hemolysis

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what are bruises called ?

ecchymosis

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what is the breakdown of bilirubin (color)?

purple>red>green>yellow

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what is black stool caused from?

upper GI bleed, pepto bismol

what bacteria are ulcers caused by?

helicobacter pylori

Tx for ulcers?

antibiotics

lower GI bleed causes (color)

red poo could also be a sign of COLON cancer

red stool can also be a sign of ..

hemorrhoid

PUD stands for.. (name two types)

peptic ulcer disease; gastric and duodenal

what should pts. with constipation do?

drink water

what is peristalsis?

movement of the muscles of the digestive system

name 3 pts. of colon (left>right)

ascending, transverse, descending

how often should you hear bowel sounds?

every 3-5 seconds

what is poliomyelitis ?

inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord

what is melena?

black, sticky stool

what is melanoma?

most LETHAL skin cancer

what is osteomalacia?

abnormal softening of the bones

what do osteoblasts do?

build

what do osteoclasts do?

breakdown

what is needed for synthesis of bones?

vit. D and calcium

what can be observed in leukemia pts. ?

increased neutrophil count

since leukemia pts. are usually anemic (low RBC), what should be seen in a blood smear?

evolution of cells, usually blasts

pericardiocentesis

removes fluid from pericardium

what is a cardiac tamponade?

ab. accumulation of fluid in pericardial sac> compression (FATAL)

anal sphincter

controls need to poo

what is Crohn's disease?

autoimmune disorder that attacks small intestine

what is reanastomosis?

make connection btwn two pts. of an organ (colostomy)

what does MRSA stand for

methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus

what is the strongest antibiotic?

methicillin

what does VRE stand for?

vancomycin-resistant enterococci

what is VAP?

ventilator assisted pneumonia

what is TB? (microorg.)

bacilli (active vs latent)

what is pancytopenia?

low levels of RBC, WBC, and platelets

3 things to do when body expires?

1- prepare body 2- wash body 3-collect personal things

what is used to move dead bodies in hospitals?

double gurney

where to draw blood to check 4 sepsis?

antecubital fossa

manipulating or splicing of genes for scientific or medical purposes is

genetic engineering

Muscle tissue contains

cells with the specialized ability to contract and relax

nerve tissue contains

cells with the specialized ability to react to stimuli and to conduct electrical impulses

incomplete tissue formation terms?

aplasia + hypoplasia

abnormal tissue formation terms?

anaplasia, dysplasia, hyperplasia, hypertrophy HADH

___ provides ongoing care for patients of all ages.

general practitioner (family practice physician)

a physician who specializes in diag- nosing and treating diseases and disorders of the internal organs and related body systems

internist

a physician who specializes in diagnosing, treating, and preventing disorders and diseases of infants and children

pediatrician

a nurse with graduate training who often works as a primary care provider.

nurse practitioner

a licensed professional who works under the supervision of a physician.

physician assistant, master's like NP

schedules and registers patients for appointments and may also work as a medical assistant.

medical receptionist

performs administrative and clinical tasks in a doctor’s office

medical assistant also CMA for certified

reviews patients’ medical records and assigns appropriate codes for treatment and services provided

medical coder

refers to the level of severity of an illness

acuity

is a doctor who specializes in high-acuity medicine in the ER

emergency physician

a licensed health care professional who works in a pre-hospital setting on an ambulance, or in an emergency room

EMT

a licensed health care professional who works in a variety of health care settings

works under the supervision of RN or doctor to provide basic patient care

LVN or LPN (vocational and practical)

works under the supervision of a RN to provide basic patient care

CNA

a licensed medical professional who dispenses prescribed medication to patients

pharmacist

provides continuously monitored care for critically ill patients

ICU or CCU (critical)

physician specializing in the care of critically ill patients hospitalized in the ICU.

intensivist

a physician focusing on the general medical care of hospitalized patients

hospitalist

_____unit provides continuous cardiac monitoring for patients with heart problems not requiring intensive care

telemetry

_____ unit provides nursing care for lower-acuity patients who are recovering from surgery or require continued drug therapy or monitoring.

med/surg

BE means

barium enema or below elbow

MS (med) means either

morphine sulfate or magnesium sulfate

( I ) Lecture Ch.1-2 + Stem Cells Flashcards

- colostomy - ulcers - erythropoietin - VRE, MRSA - leukocytosis, leukopenia, pandocytopenia - kidneys - liver and spleen