Lecture Ch.3 + More Flashcards by nandika dhingra

ligament means

bone 2 bone 🦴

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tendon means

bone 2 muscle 💪

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protuberances are.. and where?

bulging areas of body around occipital area

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an injury swells after ..

24-48 hrs

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lateral malleolus also means

ankle roll

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when does a thrombus become an embolus?

when it moves 🚶

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flow of deoxygenated blood to lungs?

right atrium > right ventricle> pulmonary arteries > lungs

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degeneration of articular surfaces causes

arthritis

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osteoarthritis is also called

wear and tear 😢

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why is a fracture to the growth plate bad?

affects growth

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what should a pancytopenic pt. have done?

bone marrow bx 🦴

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where is a bone marrow bx taken from?

iliac crest

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intramembranous bones begin as

sheet of connective tissue 🦴

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endochondral bones begin as

cartilage

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broad and flat bones are ___

intramembranous

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a baby age can be determined by

femur

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children’s bones are

cartilaginous

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Paget’s disease means

overproduction of bone in some areas

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process of bones growth?

cartilaginous > periosteum > compact > medullar > epiphyseal plates > articular cartilage and remnants

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osteocytes are ____ cells

mature

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height at ___ yrs old projects adult height

2.5 yrs

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absence of vit. D causes

low absorbance in small intestine > RICKETs (kid 🧒) disease and osteomalacia in adults (👨)

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vitamin A is for

osteoblasts/clasts development; no V. A causes low dev.

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vitamin C is for

collagen synthesis; no V. C causes low dev.

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no growth hormone causes..

pituitary dwarfism (GHD growth hormone deficiency)

high growth hormone causes ..

gigantism; acromegaly in adults

epiphyses are done at what age?

which demographic is at high risk for osteoporosis ? (include med. )

post-menopausal caucasian women

teratogen is

something that negatively affects baby 👶

why must blood supply be joined

to pit sealed surfaces 2gether

meatus means

opening

first step for x rays is to find wut?

anatomical landmarks

osteocalcin does wut?

binds calcium in bones

axial means

vertical axis of body 🦴

appendicular means

other bones to move around

ex of flat bone?

scapula

irregular bone ex?

vertebrae

spongy bone ex?

trabeculae

osteons are..

cylindrical 2 bone

central canals ex?

lacunae

bone remodeling process?

osteons> central canals>osteoblasts>osteoclasts>resorption

eyebrow is part of which bone?

frontal

alveolar margins are located..

near tooth sockets

concha means

in nose 👃

opioid epidemic bc of

oxycontin

fentanyl is used for

terminal cancer pts.

diaphragm is.. (location)

raised higher on L

name components of x-ray pic

black = air white = bone/tissue

what is cilia and its fxn?

nose hair that keeps debris out nose👃

what measures how well a pt. is breathing?

incentive spherometer

how often do we get a new skelly?

every 7-10 yrs

what is a plexus

bundle of nerves in spine

____ can cause a lawsuit

celebral palsy

baby has ___ arteries and ___ veins

2; 1

APGAR stands for

appearance pulse grimace activity respiration

NSAID stands for

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug

what is used to treat carpal tunnel

NSAIDS

____ mg is baby aspirin, _____ mg is normal

81; 325

what are the things used for bloodclots

morphine, oxygen, nitroglycerine, heparin

heparin is an ___ drug

anticoagulant

LVAD means

left ventricular assist device

nurse-patient ratio for med-surg, telemetry, ICU, post-surgical, and heart transplant?

7-8;4-5;2;1;1

where bones grow on growth plates

epiphyseal disks

repair of bone fractures in order?

hematoma formation> fibrocartilage callus formation> bony callus formation> bone remodelling

compression Fx means

bone pressed on itself

depression Fx means

bone pressed inward

impacted Fx

broken bone ends pushed into each other

tissured Fx

crack in bone

________ remains in bone after healing

calcification line

cue-counter-cue means

whiplash

____ fixation is permanent ____ fixation is temporary

internal; external

most common inorganic salt

CaPO4

hormones from ___ and ____ regulate inorganic salts

parathyroid; thyroid

formation of RBC in order

yolk sac> liver/spleen > red marrow in various bones 🦴

4 types of synovial joints

hinge, metacarpal, pivot, saddle

C1 is known as

altas

C2 is known as

axial > dens

bone that doesnt articulate

hyoid

low Ca means increase in ..

parathyroid hormone

high Ca means...

calcitonin (thyroid)

pronation means

face backward

rotation means

whole

circumation means

distal

eversion means

lateral plantar

inversion means

medial plantar

paranasal sinuses are...

hollow portions to lighten skull 💀 amplifies voice

postnasal sinuses cause...

drip at back of throat

periorbital swelling

puffy eyes

which fontanel is last

UTI can cause

rapid memory loss

women with IVF can cause

bad breastfeeding

a baby should sleep..

on back

female pelvis is more _____ shaped

heart

hyaline cartilage is in.. (3)

ribs, nose trachea

fibro cartilage is in... (3)

intervertebral disks, joint capsules, ligaments

elastic cartilage is in... (3)

external ear, epiglottis, larynx

_____ pituitary gland produces the most ...

anterior; hormones

the posterior pituitary gland is responsible for...

antidiuretics, oxytocin

why does alcohol cause a hangover

bc its a diuretic

name the degrees of rheumatologists, physical therapists, and podiatrists

MD; DPT; DPM

what are nerve roots in the lumbar and sacral region called

cauda equina

a hallux vagus is also called ___

bunion

diabetics have ____ which is why they can be ____

neuropathy; blind

BBB stands for

blood brain barrier

med. term for a stiff neck?

nucal rigidity

term for stiff neck due to sleep?

torticollis

lumbar puncture is in..

L3/L4

sarcoma means

soft tissue cancer

DEXA stands for

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

signs of hemolysis in blood sample?

blood mixes w plasma (PINK)

myeloma is in ___ cells

plasma

DMARDS stands for

Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs