Integumentary Flashcards
5 key functions of the integ system
Protection sensation thermoregulation excretion of sweat vitamin D synthsis
Wound Healing: Inflammatory stage
1-10days
platelet activation, clotting cascade, kill bacteria,
Establishes a clean wound bed which triggers tissue regeneration
Wound Healing; Proliferative phase
3-21 days
formation of new tissue, capillary buds and granulation tissue fill bed, skin integrity is restored
Wound Healing: maturation/remodeling phase phase
7 days to 2 years
granulation tissue and epithelial differentiation appear in wound bed, fiber reorganization, thin/shrinking of scar, new tissue =15% of strength, mature tissue can increase up to 80%
primary intention
occurs with acute wounds and min tissue loss, use sutures/staples/adhesives to close wound, min scarring, typically superficial of partial thinkness wounds
Secondary intention
healing without superficial closure due to infection, necrosis, irregular edges, etc. Assoc with DM, ischemic conditions, pressure ulcers. Require ongoing wound care/ large scars.
Tertiary intention
delayed primary intention due to possible complications of dehiscence/sepsis. Closed by primary intention once risk factors are mitigated.
Arterial Insufficiency Ulcers
Smooth edges, lack granulation tissue, deep, severe pain, diminished pulses, decreased skin temp, thin shiny skin, leg elev inc pain
Venous insufficiency ulcers
irregular shape, shallow, mild/mod pain, normal pulses, inc edema, flaky dry skin, brownish color, elev leg decreases pain
Neuropathic ulcers
well defined circle or oval, good granulation tissue, no pain, decreased skin temp, dry inelastic, shiny skin, loss of protective sense.
Wound classification: Superficial
trauma to skin, epidermis intact (non-blistering sunburn)
Wound classification: partial thickness
extends through epidermis, into dermis but not all the way through. (abrasions, blisters, skin tears)
Wound classification: full thickness
through dermis into deeper structures such as subQ fat. (deeper than 4mm)
wound classification: subcutaneous wound
through integ tissue into subq fat, muscle, tendon, bone. require secondary intentions typically
Pressure ulcer staging: Stage I
intact skin, non-blanchable rednes, local coloration differs from surrounding area, usually on bony prominence
Pressure ulcers: Stage II
partial thickness, shallow open ulcer with red/pink wound bed,
Pressure ulcer: Stage III
full thickness tissue loss, subQ fat may be visable but not bone or muscle tissue, can have tunneling /undermining
Pressure ulcer: Stage IV
Full thickness tissue loss with exposed bone, tendon or muscle, osteomyelitis is possible
Pressure ulcer: Suspected deep tissue injury
purple of maroon areas of intact skin or blood filled blister
Pressure Ulcer: unstageable
full thickness tissue loss, base is covered by slough and/or eschar. cant stage until enough shit is removed
Serous
clear light color, thin, watery. normal in healthy healing wound
Sanguineous
red color, thin, watery. red due to blood. indicative of new blood vessel growth or disruption of blood vesels
sersnguineous
light red/pink, thin, watery. normal in healthy healing wound. observe during inflamm and proliferative stages.
seropulent
cloudy or opaque, yellow or tan, thin watery. may be early warning of infection. Abnormal
