Integumentary System Flashcards
1
Q
What are all of the parts of the integumentary system?
A
- Hair
- Nails
- Oil and sweat glands
- Skin
2
Q
What are the 3 main functions of skin?
A
- Protection (provides protective membrane)
- Thermoregulation (skin glands lubricate - oil- and cool - sweat - the skin, helps maintain body temp)
- Sense organs (receptors for sensations)
3
Q
What are sebaceous glands?
A
Oil glands used to lubricate skin and hair
4
Q
What are the 2 types of membranes that we have in the integumentary system?
A
- Epithelial membranes (lining or covering)
- Connective tissue membranes
5
Q
What does the epithelial membrane further break down into?
A
- Cutaneous membrane: the skin
- Serous membranes: 2 linings (parietal type which is the outer membrane and the visceral type which is the inner membranes). always produce a type of fluid. Ex: lungs
- Mucous membranes: (Hole or opening) lines body surfaces that open directly to the exterior. Produce mucus, a thick secretion that keeps membranes moist and soft. Ex: respiratory, digestive, reproductive, urinary
6
Q
What are connective tissue membranes?
A
- Do not contain epithelial components
- Produce a lubricant called SYNOVIAL FLUID
- Ex. Synovial Membranes in the spaces between joints in the lining of bursal sacs
7
Q
What are the 3 components of the structure of the skin?
A
- epidermis: outermost, thin cellular membrane
- dermis: next layer; dense fibrous, connective tissue (true skin)
- subcutaneous tissue: thick, fat-containing tissue
8
Q
Epidermis
A
- top layer of skin with thin cellular membrane
- made up of stratified squamous epithelium
- avascular
- large layer called Stratum corneum - large amount of keratin which is a hard protein found in all of the integumentary system
- bottom layer is called the Basal Layer which contains melanocytes, which make skin pigment called melanin
9
Q
What is the purpose of melanin in skin?
A
Helps protect from UV rays by absorbing the rays
10
Q
Dermis
A
- second layer of skin, dense fibrous connective tissues
- made up of dense connective tissue, collagen (white protein) and elastic fibres
- contains blood and lymphatic vessels
- contains hair follicles
- contains nerve receptors
- contains oil and sweat glands
- NAME ALL THAT IT CONTAINS FOR THE TEST*
11
Q
Subcutaneous tissue
A
- bottom layer of skin, contains adipocytes
- also called the hypodermis
- located beneath the dermis
- fat layer made up of adipocytes
- protects, insulates and an energy source
12
Q
Hair
A
- accessory organ of skin
- cells filled with hard protein
- contains a lot of keratin
- hair follicles are the sacs that hold the hair
- hair shaft is the part of the hair sticking out of the skin
- melanocytes in the root for colour
- arrector pili is the muscle that attaches to hair and helps with thermoregulation (goosebumps)
13
Q
Nails
A
- accessory organ of skin
- tons of keratin
- nail plate or body: main plate of the nail.
- lunula: half moon shape whiteish area at the base of a nail.
- cuticle - little band of epidermis at base of nail and a little up the side.
- paronychium - soft tissue surrounding the nail border (hangnails).
14
Q
Glands
A
- accessory organ of skin
- 2 types: sebaceous (oil) and sudoriferous (sweat).
- both exocrine glands - means they secrete substances outside of the bloodstream, whether it be outside the body or into a cavity
- sebaceous glands secrete oily sebum via the hair follicles
- sudoriferous glands secrete into pores to moisten and cool
- both are subject to bacterial growth
15
Q
What are the 2 types of sweat glands?
A
- Eccrine sweat gland - exits the pore
- Apocrine sweat gland (puberty) - exits the hair follicle
