Male reproductive system Flashcards
(23 cards)
what is a male sex cell called
- a spermatozoon, or a sex cell
- this is a male gamete
where do we find the genetic material in the sperm
- in the head
what is the tail of a sperm
- a flagellum, helps make the sperm cell mobile
how many sperm cells are released during ejaculation
- 300 million
what are fraternal twins (lol)
- twins resulting from the fertilization of separate ova by separate sperm cells are called fraternal twins
what are identical twins
- twins resulting from the fertilization of a single egg by a single sperm are called identical twins
what hormone is responsible for the bodily characteristics of the male
- testosterone
what are essential organs of the male reproductive system
- gonads (testes), which produce sex cells (sperm of spermatozoa)
what are accessory organs of the male reproductive system
- ducts: passageways that carry sperm from testes to exterior
- sex glands: produce protective and nutrient solutions of sperm
- external genitals
where do sperm mature
- in the epididymis
structure and location of the testes
- located in the scrotum - lower temperature
- covered by tunica albuginea, which divides testis into lobules containing seminiferous tubules
- interstitial cells produce testosterone
what produces testosterone
- interstitial cells
- testosterone “masculinizes” and promotes development of male accessory organs
- promotes and maintains development of male accessory organs
- stimulates protein anabolism and development of muscle strength
- flagellum: tail
what are reproductive ducts
- ducts through which sperm pass after exiting testes until the exit from the body
what is the epididymis
- single, coiled tube about 6 meters in length, lies along the top and behind the testis in the scrotum
- sperm mature and develop the capacity for motility as they pass through the epididymis
what is the vas (ductus) deferens
- receives sperm from the epididymis and transports them from the scrotal sac through the abdominal cavity
- passes through the inguinal cavity
- joins duct of seminal vesicle to form the ejaculatory ducts
what is semen
- accessory of supportive sex glands
- mixture of sperm and secretions of accessory sex glands; averages 3-5 mL per ejaculation with each mL containing about 100 million sperm/mL
what is accessory sex glands help make up seminal fluid and how much of it do they make up
- seminal vesicles (60%) - pouchlike glands, secretion is yellowish, thick and rich in fructose to provide energy needed by sperm for motility
- prostate gland (30%) - shaped like a donut and located below bladder, urethra passes through the gland, activates sperm and is needed for ongoing sperm motility
- bulbourethral (cowper’s) glands (5%) - resemble peas in size and shape, secrete mucus-like fluid constituting less than 5% of seminal fluid volume
external genitals of the male reproductive system
- penis and scrotum called genitalia
penis has 3 columns of erectile tissue; 2 dorsal columns and 1 ventra column surrounding urethra - glans penis (head of penis), covered by foreskin (prepuce)
- surgical removal or foreskin is called circumcision
chlamydia:
- bacterial invasion of the urethra and reproductive tract. burning sensation on urination and white or yellow discharge
gonorrhea:
- inflammation of the genital tract mucosa, caused by infection with gonococci bacteria. purulent discharge
herpes genitalis:
- infection of skin and genital mucosa, caused by herpes simplex virus type II, fluid filled blisters when flare up (type I is oral)
human papilloma virus (HPV):
- infection of skin and mucous membranes in the anogenital region, some types can cause genital warts, others can cause cervical cancer
syphillis:
- chronic STI caused by a spirochete (bacteria). chancre on external genitals appears first, after chancre disappears, secondary stage beings 2-6 months after. tertiary stage includes damage to brain, heart and spine
