Intern Facts

Question 1

Below how many Kpa indicates shock with end tidal

Answer 1

<3.3Kpa
Metabolic acidosis
Poor perfusion

Question 2

What is considered long QT

Answer 2

QT >450ms

Question 3

What’s type of Alzheimer’s is commonly caused by alcohol misuse

Answer 3

Korsakoffs syndrome

Caused by deficiency of thiamine (vitamin B)

Question 4

What is ataxia

Answer 4

Ataxia is a neurological sign consisting of lack of voluntary coordination of muscle movements that can include gait abnormality, speech changes, and abnormalities in eye movements, that indicates dysfunction of parts of the nervous system that coordinate movement, such as the cerebellum.

Question 5

Todd’s paresis

Answer 5

Weakness or paralysis following a seizure

Question 6

What are normal ketone levels

Answer 6

<0.6mmol/L

Question 7

What are very high ketone levels

Answer 7

> 3.0mmol/L

Question 8

Signs and symptoms of ketone acidosis

Answer 8

• frequent urination
  -confusion
• abdominal pain
• kussmaul breathing (rapid deep breathing)
• headache
• nausea/vomiting

Question 9

What drug type causes angio oedema

Answer 9

ACE inhibitors

Question 10

What MAP is needed to perfuse organs

Answer 10

> 65

Question 11

Signs and symptoms of DT (delirium Tremens)

Answer 11

Alcohol dependent and has suddenly stopped (particularly after a binge)
- seizures
- hallucinations
- agitations
- confusion
- arrhythmias

Question 12

What is the at risk dose for paracetamol OD

Answer 12

75mg/kg adults

Question 13

Sizes for rapid rhino

Answer 13

5.5
7.5

Question 14

Lethal dose of paracetamol

Answer 14

75mg/kg

Question 15

What is a NOAC

Question 16

Bullous pemphigoid

Answer 16

Chronic autoimmune blistering disease
Immune system attacks proteins that anchor skin layers

Question 17

What would cause someone to have different blood pressure in L/R arm

Answer 17

• peripheral artery disease:
  Narrow arteries reduce blood flow (causes: high cholesterol, smoking, diabetes)
• subclavian arterial stenosis:
  Narrow artery in one arm (can cause arm fatigue, dizziness)
  -aortic dissection
• congenital or structural differences
• past surgery/trauma

Question 18

Why does low sodium cause stroke like symptoms

Answer 18

Cerebral
As salt leaves the cell water replaces it causing cerebral oedema
Can cause reduce GCS

Causes: CKD, Diarrhoea, vomiting

Question 19

What are carpopedal spasms

Answer 19

Hand spasms caused by hyperventilation

Question 20

Why does hyperventilation cause carpopedal spasms

Answer 20

When you hyperventilate you blow off too much CO2 causing respiratory alkalosis (the blood becomes alkaline)
This causes decreased ionised calcium which causes neuromuscular excitability

Question 21

Which comes first: traction splint or pelvic binder

Answer 21

Pelvic binder
Why: using a traction splint on an unstable pelvis can cause further damage and increase bleeding

Question 22

Biot respirations

Answer 22

Unpredictable resp pattern with apneic periods - brain stem damage

Question 23

What is acute polymorphic disorder and its trigger

Answer 23

Delusions/ hallucinations/ mood swings
Triggers: sleep deprivation/ severe stress

Question 24

Hypertensive emergency symptoms

Answer 24

NEURO
- blurred vision
- paraesthesia
- dizziness
- headaches
- loss of sensation

CARDIAC
- SOB
- chest pain
- palpitations

RENAL
- decreased Urine output

Question 25

What are cerebral T waves

Answer 25

Deep wide symmetrical T wave inversion often accompanied by a prolonged QT interval