Introduction

Question 1

what are the basic layers of the germ layer?

Answer 1

endoderm
mesoderm
ectoderm

Question 2

this layer originate to develop during our embryo level

Answer 2

germ layer

Question 3

innermost layer of the germ layer

Answer 3

endoderm

Question 4

middle lining of the germ layer

Answer 4

mesoderm

Question 5

outermost part of the germ layer where it forms the exoskeleton

Answer 5

ectoderm

Question 6

what are the organ cells will develop under endoderm?

Answer 6

lung cells
thyroid cells
digestive cells

Question 7

what are the organ cells will develop under mesoderm?

Answer 7

cardiac muscle cells
skeletal muscle cells
tubule cells of the kidney
red blood cell
smooth muscle cell (in gut)

Question 8

what are the four type of tissues?

Answer 8

epithelial tissue
connective tissue
muscular tissue
nervous tissue

Question 9

this tissue provides protection in the skin and other linings of the organs

Answer 9

epithelial tissue

Question 10

this tissue provides blood supply to the epithelium

Answer 10

connective tissue

Question 11

major ingredient in all connective tissue

Answer 11

collagen

Question 12

types of connective tissue

Answer 12

proper
cartilage
bone
blood

Question 13

this tissue involves in movement

Answer 13

muscular tissue

Question 14

types of muscular tissue

Answer 14

skeletal muscle
cardiac muscle
smooth muscle

Question 15

this tissue sends signal, impulse, and messages from the brain

Answer 15

nervous tissue

Question 16

focuses on the part of the cells and normal characteristics of these tissues

Answer 16

histology

Question 17

Taken from the Greek word “Pathos” and
“Logos,” which means “study of suffering or
disease.”

Answer 17

pathology

Question 18

Father of Modern
Pathology

Answer 18

Rudolf Virchow

Question 19

Father of Medicine

Answer 19

Hippocrates

Question 20

what are the four humors hippocrates introduced?

Answer 20

yellow bile
black bile
blood
phlegm

Question 20

in line with the principles of Hippocrates

Answer 20

HIPPOCRATIC OATH

Question 21

what are the two divisions of pathology

Answer 21

gross pathology
microscopic pathology

Question 22

Changes in the tissue that can be seen by the naked eye

Answer 22

gross pathology

Question 23

Changes in the tissue that can be seen using the
microscope

Answer 23

microscopic pathology

Question 24

what are the 2 divisions under microscopic pathology?

Answer 24

clinical pathology anatomical pathology

Question 25

Compositions of body fluids, tissues, secretion, exudates, and transudates

Answer 25

Clinical Pathology

Question 26

Removal of an organ/tissue in the body for examination/diagnosis

Answer 26

Anatomical Pathology

Question 27

Any change from a state of health as a result of certain forms of stimuli and stress

Answer 27

disease

Question 28

four aspects of a disease process

Answer 28

etiology pathogenesis morphologic and molecular changes clinical manifestation

Question 29

Cause of disease/origin of disease

Answer 29

etiology

Question 30

Course of the condition from the start of the infection up to the healing stage

Answer 30

pathogenesis

Question 31

Functional consequence of the changes where the effects can be observed by others

Answer 31

Signs

Question 32

Functional consequence of the changes where effects apparent only to the patient

Answer 32

Symptoms

Question 33

It is through which normal cells handle physiologic demands, act of maintaining a steady state

Answer 33

homeostasis

Question 34

Changes made by the cell in response to environmental changes

Answer 34

adoptation

Question 34

Inability to adapt, exposure to injurious stimuli, deprivation from essential nutrients

Answer 34

cell injury

Question 35

The cell is still able to return to its normal state, given that the stimulus or the defect on the cell is only mild.

Answer 35

reversible injury

Question 36

The defect on the cell is severe will eventually lead to cell death

Answer 36

irreversible injury

Question 37

Pathologic Changes, “Passive Cell Death or Accidental Cell Death”

Answer 37

necrosis

Question 38

Physiologic Changes, “Program Cell Death or Active Cell Death”

Answer 38

apoptosis

Question 39

The body will eat its own components in order to survive

Answer 39

autophagy

Question 40

Acquire substances from neighboring cells

Answer 40

Intracellular Accumulation of Substances

Question 41

The level of calcium is increased; hence, the tissue is hardened.

Answer 41

Pathologic Calcification

Question 42

The cell is old so the function is already declining.

Answer 42

Cellular Aging