Robbins: Inflammation and Repair

Question 1

response of vascularized tissues to infections and tissue damage.

Answer 1

Inflammation

Question 2

initial, rapid response to infections; develops within minutes or hours and is short of duration.

Answer 2

Acute inflammation

Question 2

Initial response fails to clear
the stimulus, the reaction
progresses to a protracted
type of inflammation.

Answer 2

Chronic inflammation

Question 2

Roman encyclopedist who wrote the
famous text De Medicina

Answer 2

Celsus

Question 3

surviving cells and filling of
residual defects with connective tissue (scarring)

Answer 3

Regeneration

Question 4

series of events that heal
damaged tissue

Answer 4

Tissue repair

Question 5

Elicits inflammation regardless of the
cause of cell death.

Answer 5

Tissue necrosis

Question 5

what are the causes of infection

Answer 5

infection
tissue necrosis
foreign bodies
immune reactions

Question 5

Microbial toxins are among the most
common and medically important
causes of inflammation.

Answer 5

Infection

Question 5

May elicit inflammation by themselves or because they cause traumatic tissue injury or carry microbes.

Answer 5

Foreign bodies

Question 6

Also known as hypersensitivity; Reactions in which the normally
protective immune system damages
the individual’s own tissues

Answer 6

Immune reactions

Question 6

a gene that was discovered in
Drosophila; able to detect extracellular and ingested microbes.

Answer 6

Toll

Question 7

promote lymphocyte activation and even more potent immune responses

Answer 7

Cytokines

Question 8

receptors activate a multiprotein cytosolic complex

Answer 8

Inflammasome

Question 9

recruits leukocytes and thus induces
inflammation.

Answer 9

Interleukin-1 (IL-1)

Question 10

gain-of-function mutations in the
cytosolic receptors are the cause of
rare diseases; characterized by
spontaneous inflammation.

Answer 10

Autoinflammatory syndromes

Question 11

reacts against microbes and produces mediators of inflammation.

Answer 11

Complement system

Question 12

recognizes microbial sugars and promotes ingestion of microbes and activation of the complement system.

Answer 12

Mannose-binding lectin

Question 13

bind to microbes and promote their phagocytosis

Answer 13

Collectins

Question 14

Escape of fluid, proteins, and
blood cells from the vascular
system into interstitial tissues
or body cavities.

Answer 14

Exudation

Question 15

Extravascular fluid that has a
high protein concentration and
contains cellular debris.

Answer 15

Exudate

Question 16

Fluid with low protein content,
little or no cellular material,
and low specific gravity.

Answer 16

Transudate

Question 17

Denotes an excess of fluid in
the interstitial tissue or serous
cavities.

Answer 17

Edema

Question 18

A purulent exudate, is an
inflammatory exudate rich in
leukocytes.

Answer 18

Pus

Question 19

induced by the action of several mediators, notably histamine, on vascular smooth muscle; earliest manifestation of acute inflammation

Answer 19

Vasodilation

Question 20

changes result in stasis of blood flow, engorgement of small vessels jammed with slowly moving red cells.

Answer 20

Vascular congestion

Question 21

externally as localized redness

Answer 21

Erythema