Introduction to Animal Science

Question 1

What do animals provide?

Answer 1

meat, milk, eggs, feathers, leather, fiber, draft, fuel, companionship, biomedical research, stabilizers of food economy, and soil conservation and enhancement

Question 2

What is biomedical research?

Answer 2

Many modern things (vaccines, IV’s, surgeries) were first tested/researched on animals

Question 3

What does animal science contribute?

Answer 3

a huge amount of industry and a large contribution to the economy

Question 4

How does animal food provide minerals?

Answer 4

contains all minerals needed except Ca; good source of iron, zinc, and magnesium

Question 5

How does animal food provide vitamins?

Answer 5

good source of vitamin B

Question 6

What vitamin is only obtained through animal foods?

Answer 6

vitamin B12, this is the only natural way to get it

Question 7

What do animal foods provide?

Answer 7

minerals, proteins, vitamins, energy, enhanced palatability

Question 8

How does animal food provide energy?

Answer 8

lipids, cholesterol, phospholipids, amino acids

Question 9

What are lipids?

Answer 9

fatty acids, Triglycerides, fat and oil

Question 10

How much more energy do lipids provide compared to carbohydrates?

Answer 10

2.25x

Question 11

more calories=____?

Answer 11

more energy

Question 12

Are grains and corn a good source of energy?

Answer 12

we get a lot of energy from grains and corn but energy from fat and oil is denser

Question 13

Why is cholesterol important?

Answer 13

it is in your cell membranes are most of your hormones are composed of cholesterol

Question 14

Why are phospholipids important?

Answer 14

good for the protective barrier/membrane around your body cells

Question 15

Is animal science production growing? Why or why not?

Answer 15

it is growing because there is an increased demand

Question 16

What kind of diet is mainly consumed in poverty? What about as people get out of poverty?

Answer 16

a carbohydrate diet; more meat

Question 17

Why do humans consume meat?

Answer 17

their teeth, digestive system, tastes good, inability to manufacture vitamin B-complex

Question 18

Is animal science increasing in volume? What does this mean if so?

Answer 18

animal science is a big production, increasing in volume means more money

Question 19

What is the importance of dairy?

Answer 19

Calcium is important for bones, balanced protein, high in energy, high in vitamins and minerals, and has vitamin D added through pasteurization

Question 20

What animals are used for milk?

Answer 20

cows, goats, camels, yaks, and donkeys

Question 21

Why are eggs important?

Answer 21

balanced protein to meet dietary needs, protein dense, highly digestible protein (cooked more so than raw)

Question 22

What produces eggs?

Answer 22

Poultry (chickens)

Question 23

What is leather used for?

Answer 23

saddles, purses, shoes

Question 24

What are feathers and fiber uses for?

Answer 24

cushioning, insulation, clothing

Question 25

What is draft?

Answer 25

using animals for heavy labor

Question 26

How much of the milk is produced by cows?

Answer 26

90%

Question 27

What is milk?

Answer 27

a naturally produced way for mammals to feed their young

Question 28

Are animal products only in food and clothing?

Answer 28

No, for example tires contain stearic acid (from animal fat) and roads use cow fat in asphalt

Question 29

What is pasteurization?

Answer 29

application of high heat briefly to kill bacteria and prevent diseases

Question 30

How are animal products used for fuel?

Answer 30

burning manure, ethanol, and methane production from biodigesters

Question 31

What does burning manure do?

Answer 31

generate power

Question 32

How is ethanol produced?

Answer 32

poultry litter has been experimentally used to produce it

Question 33

How is methane produced?

Answer 33

the breakdown of manure is captured and then used as a "natural gas"

Question 34

What is the purpose of animals in biomedical research?

Answer 34

animals have been used as models for the treatment of humans in medicine

Question 35

What animals are commonly used for biomedical research?

Answer 35

mice, rats, guinea pig, horse, cow, sheep, dog, rabbit, monkey, pig

Question 36

What vaccines were created through animal testing?

Answer 36

Smallpox (cow), rabies (dog, rabbit), polio (mouse, monkey)

Question 37

What surgeries were done through animal testing?

Answer 37

open heart surgery and cardiac pacemaker (dog), organ transplant advancements (dog, sheep, cow, pig), laparoscopic surgical techniques (pig)

Question 38

What is laparoscopic surgery?

Answer 38

surgery done through a tiny incision, using a video camera to guide them

Question 39

What is xenotransplantation?

Answer 39

the process of grafting or transplanting organs or tissues between members of a different species (commonly pig to human)

Question 40

How does animal science contribute to food stability?

Answer 40

it reduces the risk of food shortages during difficult climatic or economic situations

Question 41

What can happen when there is a drought?

Answer 41

more animals can be converted to food for people

Question 42

What can happen when there is an excess

Answer 42

nutrients can be stored in the form of increased animal numbers and fatter animals

Question 43

How does animal science contribute to soil conservation and enhancement?

Answer 43

converting vegetation into nutrients for useful purposes; well manages grazing can enhance the ecosystem and soil

Question 44

What is animal science?

Answer 44

the biology of domestic animals for the purpose of food and the management of animals for human use

Question 45

What is animal science used for?

Answer 45

production, veterinary medicine, zoos, conducting and publishing research

Question 46

What is the animals science society in the US named?

Answer 46

American Society of Animal Science

Question 47

Why do we primarily study livestock and domesticated animals?

Answer 47

easier to work with and access

Question 48

What animal(s) was tested on for the production of insulin?

Answer 48

dog and fish