issues recap Flashcards
(22 cards)
what is gender bias
different representation and treatment of men and women which is based on stereotypes rather than real differences
what is alpha bias
exaggertation/ overestimates the differences
- any difference is real or inevitable
- tends to devalue women
what is beta bias
underestimates, ignores and minimises the differences
- often when females are in the study
what is a consequence of beta bias
andocentricism
what is andocentrisism
‘male behaviour’ is judges as the norm and anything which differes is considered abnormal
- so female bhevaiour tends to be considered abnormal which leads to their behaviour being misudnderstood… PMS
what is culture bias
anything which differs from the ‘norms’ of behaviour which is only based on culture is considered abnormal, inferior and unusal
what is cultual relativism
morals, value, normas and ethics can only be measured or understood in a specific social and cultural context
what is ethnocentisim
thinking ones own culture and group is superior to others
- often if dont fit into western norms
what are the 2 ways of studying hebaious berrry created
etic approach
emic approach
what is the etic approach
behaviour from outsider the given culture and attempts to describe those behaviours that are universal
what is the emic approach
behaviour from inside a culture and identifies the features that are specific to that culture
is psychology an etic or emic approach
and etic approach as theories its research is universal when it is has come from an emic approach research
- need to recognise the culture relativism of of research
when does most of psychological research occur from
the westerm cultures aka thr UK
if not tendds to be the western cultures anaylsing unkown cultures to gather data agaisnt their own ‘western values so difficult to appreciate nanother persective
what gedner dominates psychgolgy traditionally
male
- problems when applying to females
-female psychologist may be played down
what does psychoogy not being universla come from
as all psychologists have had experiecnes which ha shped them into the person they are in there social and histroical context
- be biased in judgement
what are ethical implications
consequences of the research studies and theories in the wider context
what do psychologist need to consider when publishing or communicating research findings
- effect to others
- need to consider there findings implications in a wider context
what cant psychologist control about finsings
how they are used or interpretated after the publication
what can research infleunce
public policy
- how the ogverment uses it for polticial means
what can public policy lead too
socially sensitve research
( consequences for groups in society )
what can socially sensitive research lead too
infleuncing public menas
discrimnation agaisnt the group studied
what are 4 asects that raise ethical implications
- research questioins
- methods used
- funding
- intepretation and application of finsings
