memory

Question 1

What is the definition of memory in psychology?

Answer 1

Memory is the process by which we encode, store, and retrieve information.

Question 2

Name the three main stages of memory.

Answer 2

Encoding, storage, and retrieval.

Question 3

True or False: Short-term memory has a limited capacity.

Answer 3

True.

Question 4

What is the capacity of short-term memory according to Miller’s law?

Answer 4

7 plus or minus 2 items.

Question 5

Fill in the blank: The model that describes memory as a series of stages is known as the __________ model.

Answer 5

multi-store.

Question 6

What are the two types of long-term memory?

Answer 6

Explicit (declarative) and implicit (non-declarative) memory.

Question 7

Who proposed the levels of processing theory?

Answer 7

Craik and Lockhart.

Question 8

What type of memory is responsible for recalling facts and events?

Answer 8

Explicit memory.

Question 9

True or False: Implicit memory involves conscious recall.

Answer 9

False.

Question 10

What is the term for the process of converting information into a form that can be stored in memory?

Answer 10

Encoding.

Question 11

Which part of the brain is primarily associated with the formation of new memories?

Answer 11

The hippocampus.

Question 12

What is the difference between proactive and retroactive interference?

Answer 12

Proactive interference occurs when older memories interfere with the retrieval of newer ones, while retroactive interference occurs when newer memories interfere with the retrieval of older ones.

Question 13

Fill in the blank: __________ memory is the type of memory that holds information for a very brief period.

Answer 13

Sensory.

Question 14

What is the primary function of working memory?

Answer 14

To hold and manipulate information temporarily.

Question 15

Name one technique used to improve memory retention.

Answer 15

Mnemonics.

Question 16

True or False: Memory can be improved by using elaborative rehearsal.

Answer 16

True.

Question 17

What is the serial position effect?

Answer 17

The tendency to remember the first and last items in a list better than the middle items.

Question 18

What is the term for the inability to form new memories after a brain injury?

Answer 18

Anterograde amnesia.

Question 19

What is the difference between episodic and semantic memory?

Answer 19

Episodic memory is the recollection of personal experiences, while semantic memory refers to general knowledge and facts.

Question 20

Fill in the blank: The __________ effect refers to the phenomenon where recall is better when the context at retrieval matches the context at encoding.

Answer 20

context-dependent.

Question 21

Which type of memory is primarily involved in learning motor skills?

Answer 21

Implicit memory.

Question 22

What is the definition of decay in memory?

Answer 22

The fading of memory over time due to lack of use.

Question 23

True or False: The misinformation effect occurs when a person’s memory of an event is altered by misleading information.

Answer 23

True.

Question 24

What is the role of the amygdala in memory?

Answer 24

The amygdala is involved in the processing of emotional memories.

Question 25

Name one factor that can influence memory retrieval.

Answer 25

Stress.

Question 26

What is the term for the mental process of searching for and bringing to mind information stored in memory?

Answer 26

Retrieval.

Question 27

Fill in the blank: __________ rehearsal involves repeating information to keep it in short-term memory.

Answer 27

Maintenance.

Question 28

What is the difference between recall and recognition?

Answer 28

Recall involves retrieving information without cues, while recognition involves identifying information with the help of cues.

Question 29

True or False: Long-term memories are generally more stable than short-term memories.

Answer 29

True.

Question 30

What is the function of the prefrontal cortex in memory?

Answer 30

It is involved in working memory and executive functions.

Question 31

Fill in the blank: __________ cues are stimuli that help trigger the retrieval of memories.

Answer 31

Retrieval.

Question 32

What is the process of transforming information into a lasting memory called?

Answer 32

Consolidation.

Question 33

What does the term 'flashbulb memory' refer to?

Answer 33

A highly detailed and vivid memory of an emotionally significant event.

Question 34

True or False: Memory can be influenced by social factors.

Answer 34

True.

Question 35

What is the term for the gradual increase in the strength of a synapse based on recent patterns of activity?

Answer 35

Long-term potentiation.

Question 36

What is the main limitation of the multi-store model of memory?

Answer 36

It oversimplifies the complexities of memory processes.

Question 37

Fill in the blank: The __________ model emphasizes the importance of the depth of processing in memory retention.

Answer 37

levels of processing.

Question 38

What is the role of sleep in memory consolidation?

Answer 38

Sleep helps to stabilize and strengthen memories.

Question 39

What is the term for a memory that is recalled with a high level of confidence but is actually inaccurate?

Answer 39

False memory.