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CPPS 221 > joints > Flashcards

joints Flashcards

(55 cards)

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1
Q

pelvic joints

A

pubic symphysis
sacroiliac joint

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2
Q

classifying joints by structure

A

fibrous
cartilaginous
synovial

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3
Q

classifying joints by function/range of motion

A

synarthrosis
amphiathroses
diarthrosis

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4
Q

fibrous joint example and description

A

(Ex. suture, gomphosis, syndesmosis

most moveable

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5
Q

cartilaginous joint ex and description

A

synchondrosis, symphysis

slightly movable

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6
Q

synovial ex and description

A

(mon/bi/triaxial)

one direction/ two/ three

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7
Q

synarthrosis joints

A

immovable

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8
Q

amphiarthroses

A

slightly moveable

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9
Q

diarthrosis

A

freely moveable (synovial)

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10
Q

synovial joints have

A

joint capsule
synovial membrane
synovial fluid
articular cartilage

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11
Q

movements that can occur at synovial joints : gliding

A

simple movement in which flat bone surfaces move back and forth and from side to side with respect to one another e.g. intertarsal
joints between tarsals or carpals or vertebrae on top of eachother

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12
Q

movements that can occur at synovial joints: angular movements

A

There is an increase or decrease in the angle between articulating bones.

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13
Q

movements that can occur at synovial joints: flexion…

A

involves decrease in the angle between articulating bones elbow flexion= radius/ulna and humerus the angle gets smaller

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14
Q

movements that can occur at synovial joints: extension

A

involves increase in the angle between articulating bones. elbow extension= angle gets larger
Both movements occur along the sagittal plane with a few exceptions such as flexion of the thumb

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15
Q

movements that can occur at synovial joints: abduction and adduction

A

Abduction (movement away from longitudinal axis) and adduction (movement back to center)

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16
Q

bones revolt around its own longitudinal axis:

A

medial rotation and lateral rotation

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17
Q

special movements of synovial joints

A

Elevation
Depression
Protraction(ant in horizontal plane)
Retraction

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18
Q

special movements of synovial joints: foot

A

Inversion
Eversion
Dorsiflexion
Planter flexion

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19
Q

special movements of radioulnar joint

A

supination
pronation

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20
Q

special movements of synovial joints (thumb)

A

opposition/reposition

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21
Q

sub-classification of synovial joints: plane (monaxial)

def and ex

A

allow only gliding or sliding motion in any direction, back and forth, side to side movements (facet joints, Intercarpal joints and carpometacarpal, SI (sacroiliac joint), SC/AC, sternocostal 2-7)

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22
Q

sub-classification of synovial joints: hinge (monaxial)

A

produce angular, opening and closing motions, allow only flexion and extension (elbow, knee).

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23
Q

sub-classification of synovial joints: pivot (monaxial)

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A

allow only rotary movement around one axis (proximal radioulnar, atlantoaxial (allows us to say no).

24
Q

sub-classification of synovial joints: ball and socket joints (multi axial)

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A

allow flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, abduction, circumduction and rotation
(Hip and shoulder).

25
sub-classification of synovial joints: saddle (biaxial)
allow flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, limited circumduction –Rider in a saddle - carpometacarpal joint of thumb - trapeziometacarpal
26
sub-classification of synovial joints: condyloid (biaxial)
movement is similar to saddle joint, movement is around 2 bones (radiocarpal, metacarpophalangeal of the second through 5th digits joints)
27
temporomandibular (TMJ) location type bones involved movements
location: head type: combined hinge and plane (articular disc) bones involved: condylar process of mandible and mandibular fossa of temporal bone (know only skeletal parts) movements: triaxial - depression (jaw opening) -elevation (jaw closing) -protraction -retraction -slight rotation
28
Atlanto-axial joint location type bones involved movements
location: head type: pivot joint (monaxial joint- rotation) bones involved: articular facet of the anterior arch of atlas and dens of axis. The structures are held tightly by transverse ligament movements: rotation
29
intervertebral articulation location type bones involved movements
location: vertebral column expect sacrum and coccyx type: plane joint bones involved: vertebrae (superior and inferior articular facets of adjacent vertebrae) movements: Vary region to region Individual movement of vertebrae – glide permits flexion, extension and rotation of the whole vertebral column.
30
shoulder compels includes...
the clavicle, scapula, humerus and their associated joints (sternoclavicular and shoulder joints)
31
sternoclavicular joints location type bones involved ligaments movements
location: thorax type: plane joint bones involved: medial end of clavicle and manubrium of sternum ligaments: Anterior sternoclavicular ligament Posterior sternoclavicular ligament (sternum to clavical) behind anterior Interclavicular ligament Costoclavicular ligament (costal tuberosity -1st rib) movements: gliding, slight rotation and circumduction of clavicle
32
shoulder (glenohumeral) joint location type bones involved ligaments movements
location: upper limb type: ball and socket bones involved: head of humerus and glenoid cavity of the scapula ligaments: Coracohumeral ligament: extends from coracoid process of scapula to greater tubercle of humerus Glenohumeral ligaments: extends from glenoid cavity to lesser tubercle of humerus Transverse humeral ligament: extends from lesser to great tubercle of humerus movements: Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, medial rotation, lateral rotation and circumduction
33
ligaments of the glenohumeral joint
Coracohumeral ligament: extends from coracoid process of scapula to greater tubercle of humerus Glenohumeral ligaments: extends from glenoid cavity to lesser tubercle of humerus Transverse humeral ligament: extends from lesser to great tubercle of humerus
34
shoulder joint stabilized by rotator cuff muscles
Supraspinatus (abduction) Infraspinatus (adduction and lateral rotation) Teres minor (adduction and lateral rotation) Subscapularis (medial rotation)
35
Which of the following is not a joint contained within the shoulder girdle? : Sternoclavicular joint Temporomandibular joint Acromioclavicular Scapulothoracic
B
36
elbow joint location type bones involved ligaments movements
location: upper limb type: hinge joint (monaxial) bones involved: humerus, radius, ulna ligaments: Ulnar collateral ligament: extends from medial epicondyle of humerus to coronoid process and olecranon of ulna. Radial collateral ligament: extends from lateral epicondyle of humerus to annular ligament of radius and radial notch of ulna. Annular ligament of radius: holds the head of radius in the radial notch of ulna (covers head and heck of radius movements: flexion and extension
37
ligaments of the elbow joint
Ulnar collateral ligament: extends from medial epicondyle of humerus to coronoid process and olecranon of ulna. Radial collateral ligament: extends from lateral epicondyle of humerus to annular ligament of radius and radial notch of ulna. Annular ligament of radius: holds the head of radius in the radial notch of ulna (covers head and heck of radius
38
wrist complex (radoiocarpal joint) location type bones involved ligaments movements
location: upper limb type: condylar joint bones involved: radius, scaphoid, lunate and triquetrium ligaments: Palmar radiocarpal: connects distal radius to anterior surfaces of scaphoid, lunate and triquet. Dorsal radiocarpal: connects distal radius to posterior surfaces of scaphoid, lunate and triquet. Radial collateral ligament: extends from radial styloid process to lateral surface of scaphoid Ulnar collateral ligament: extends from ulnar styloid process to medial surface of triquetrum movements: flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, circumduction
39
ligaments of radoiocarpal joint
Palmar radiocarpal: connects distal radius to anterior surfaces of scaphoid, lunate and triquet Dorsal radiocarpal: connects distal radius to posterior surfaces of scaphoid, lunate and triquet. Radial collateral ligament: extends from radial styloid process to lateral surface of scaphoid Ulnar collateral ligament: extends from ulnar styloid process to medial surface of triquetrum
40
hand joints
carpometacarpal joints metacarpophalangeal interphalangeal
41
Carpometacarpal joints
Location: Upper Limb Type: plane except carpometacarpals between thumb and wrist is saddle (more movement-biaxial) Bones involved: carpals/metacarpals
42
Metacarpophalangeal joint
Metacarpophalangeal joint Location: Upper Limb Type: condylar Bones involved: metacarpals and proximal phalanges Movements: Flexion/ extension; abduction/ adduction (biaxial)
43
Interphalangeal joints
Location: Upper Limb Type: hinge (monaxial) Bones involved: phalanges/ phalanges Movements: Flexion/ extension
44
pubic symphysis
Slightly movable (amphiarthrosis) Present in midline of the body (2 pubic bones) Cartilaginous joint
45
sacroiliac joint type bones involved
Type: Synovial – plane joint Bones involved: sacrum and ilium
46
hip joint location type bones involved movements
location: lower limb type: ball and socket bones involved: head of femur and acetabulum movements: flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, lateral rotation, medial rotation, and circumduction
47
ligaments of hip joint
Iliofemoral ligament: extends from anterior inferior iliac spine of hip to intertrochanteric line Pubofemoral ligament: extends from pubic ramus to neck of femur Ischiofemoral ligament: extends from ischium to neck of femur These 3 are thickenings of the capsule Ligament of head of femur: extends from fossa of acetabulum to fossa capitus of head of femur
48
knee joint location type bones involved movements
location: lower limb type: modified hinge joint (less stable then other hinge joints) bones involved: femur, patella, and tibia, patellar femoral and tibiofermoal joints movements: flexion and extension, slight medial rotation
49
ligaments of knee joint
Patellar Ligament/tendon: continuation ofcommon tendon of insertion of quadriceps femoris muscle. Tibial/Medial Collateral Ligament(MCL): extends from medial condyle of femur to medial condyle of tibia. Patellar retinacula (medial and lateral Fibular/Lateral collateral ligament(LCL): extends from lateral condyle of femur to lateral side of head of fibula. Medial and lateral menisci: between tibial and femoral condyles Provide lateral stability, cushion, conform to the shape of the articulating surface as femur moves, increase surface area of TF joint
50
intracapsular ligaments of knee
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL): limits hyperextension of knee and prevents anterior sliding of tibia on femur. Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL): prevents posterior sliding of tibia when knee is flexed.
51
ankle (talocrural) joint location type bones movements ligaments
location: lower limb type: hinge joint bones: tibia, fibula, fibula (crutch) and talus movements: dorsiflexion and plantar flexion ligaments: lateral ligaments - anterior talofibular -posterior talofibular -calcaneofibular medial ligaments: deltoid ligaments
52
foot joints
tarsometatarsal metatarsophalangeal interphalangeal
53
Tarsometatarsal joint
Location: Lower Limb Type: plane joint Bones involved: 1st 3 metatarsals articulate with cuneiforms. 4th and 5th metatarsals articulate with cuboid Movements: sliding and twisting
54
Metatarsophalangeal joints
Location: lower limb Type: condylar Bones: metatarsals and phalanges Movements: flexion/extension and abduction/adduction
55
Interphalangeal joints:
Location: lower limb Type: hinge Bones: phalanges Movements: flexion/extension

CPPS 221 (16 decks)

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