upper limb muscles Flashcards
(40 cards)
sternocleidomastoid (SCM)
O:
- clavicular head: sternal end of clavicle
-Sternal head: manubrium
I: mastoid region of skull and lateral portion of superior nuchal line
A:
-together: felt the neck
-Individually: laterally flex/rotate head to opposite side
Innervation: accessory (cranial nn XI)
Strap muscles (infra hyoids) (action only)
- Sternohyoid
- Thyrohyoid
- Sternothyroid
- omohyoid
action: depress the hyoid
Suprahyoid Muscles (action only)
- Diagastric (ant./post. belly)
- Mylohyoid
- Geniohyoid
5.Stylohyoid
(anterior neck)
Action: all elevate hyoid and depress mandible
Trapezius
O: occipital bone, ligament nuchae, spinous process of the T spine vertebrae
I: clavicle and scapula (acromion and scapular spine)
A: elevate, retract, depress rotate scapula upwards
Innervation: Accessory nerve
Scalene muscles (action only)
Posterior
Middle
Anterior
Action:
-Together: flexion
-Alone: lateral flexion, rib elevation
-Rotation: Ant. scalene; rotate opposite side
- Mid+Post; same side rotation
Latissimus Dorsi
O: spinous process of inferior thoracic and all lumbar/sacral vertebrae, ribs 8-12 and thoracolumbar fascia
I: Floor of inter tubercular sulcus of humerus
A: extends, adducts, med. rotates shoulder
N: thoracodorsal nerve
Levator scapula
O: Transverse process of first four C spine vertebrae
I: Vertebral border of scapula near superior angle and medial end of scapular spine
A: elevates scapula
N: cervical C3-C4 and dorsal scapular nerve
Rhomboid Major
O: ligamentum nuchae and SP of T2-T5
I: vertebral border of scapula from spine to inferior angle
A: adducts and performs downward rotation of scapula
N: Dorsal scapular nerve
Rhomboid Minor
O: SP of vertebrae C7-T1
I: vertebral border of scapula
A: adducts and downward rotation
N: dorsal scapular nerve
erector spinae (intermediate layer) (I love spaghetti)
iliocostalis
longissimus
spinalis
Action: together extension of back
Unilateral- neck lateral flexion, lateral flexion of spine
deep layer of posterior trunk (action only)
-multifidus
-rotatores
-interspinalis
-semispinalis
-intertransversarii- lateral flexion
Action: all extend vertebral column
rotatores, semispinalis, and multifidus also rotate to the opposite side
external oblique
O: external and inferior borders of ribs 5-12
-fibres run anterior and inferior
I: external oblique aponeurosis extending to iliac crest and linea alba
A: compresses, rotates opposite side
Internal oblique
O: thoracolumbar fascia, inguinal ligament and iliac crest
-fibres run anterior superior
I: inferior surfaces of ribs 9-12, costal cartilages 8-10, linea alba and pubis
A: compresses, rotates to same side
transverse abdominis
deep layer and compresses abdomen
rectus abdominis
O: superior surface of pubis around symphysis
I: inferior surfaces of cartilages ribs 5-7 and diploid of sternum
A: flexion of vertebral column, compression and depress ribs
N: intercostal nerve
-riight and left side superheated by linea alba
-contained within rectus sheath
intercostals (external, internal)
external- elevate ribs
internal- depress ribs
transverse thoracis- depress ribs
Diaphragm
innervated by phrenic nerve
C3, 4 and 5 keep me alive
contracts during inhalation- expands thoracic cavity
biceps brachii
O:
-short head: coracoid process
-Long head: supragelnoid tubercle on scapula
I: radial tuberosity
A: flexion at elbow and shoulder, supination of forearm and hand
N: musculocutaneous nerve C5-C6
Brachialis
O: distal half of anterior surface of humerus
I: Ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process
A: flexion at elbow
N: musculocutaneous C5-C6 and radial C7-C8
Brachioradialis
O: lateral supercondylar ridge of humerus (superior to lateral epicondyle)
I: lateral aspect of styloid process of radius
A: flexion at elbow
N: radial nerve C6-C8
Triceps Brachii
O:
-lateral head: superior lateral margin of humerus
-medial head: posterior surface inferior to radial groove
-Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
I: olecranon process of ulna
A: extension of elbow
Long head also shoulder extension and adduction
N: radial C6-C8
Aconeus
O: posterior surface of lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: lateral margin of olecranon and ulnar shaft
A: extension of elbow
N: radial nerve C6-C8
Flexor Carpi radials
O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: bases of second and third metacarpal
A: flexion and abduction
N: median nerve C6-C7
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
O: medial epicondyle and anteromedial portion of ulna
I: pisiform, hamate, and base of fifth metacarpal
A: flexion and adduction of wrist
N: ulnar C8-T1