urinary and reproductive systems

Question 1

anatomy of the kidney

capped with

Answer 1

adrenal glands

Question 2

kidneys are located lateral to the vertebral column between the last ______

Answer 2

thoracic and third lumbar vertebrae on each side

Question 3

three layers of connective tissue layers encapsulate the kidneys

Answer 3

-renal fascia
-perinephric/perirneal fat capsule
-renal capsule

Question 4

connective tissue around kidneys

renal fascia

Answer 4

Most superficial layer
Dense connective tissue
Surrounds both kidneys and adrenal glands

Question 5

connective tissue around kidneys

perinephric/ perirenal fat capsule

Answer 5

layer of adipose tissue

Question 6

connective tissue around kidneys

renal capsule

Answer 6

directly covers the outer surface of the kidney

Question 7

renal arteries enter at the hilum, renal veins and utters exit at the

Answer 7

hilum

Question 8

renal cortex

Answer 8

outer regions (granular, reddish-brown)

Question 9

renal medulla

Answer 9

inner regions (composed of renal pyramids with striped appearance)

Question 10

renal columns

Answer 10

separate renal pyramids

Question 11

major and minor calyces

Answer 11

collect urine from renal lobes (a pyramid and surrounding cortical tissue)

Question 12

right renal vein drains right in

Answer 12

IVC

Question 13

right gonadal and right suprarenal veins drain right in

Answer 13

IVC

Question 14

left gonadal and left suprarenal veins drain in ______

Answer 14

left renal vein

Question 15

urerters
function

Answer 15

Carry urine out of the kidneys to the bladder

Question 16

layers of connective tissue outside the kidney from outside to inside

Answer 16

renal fascia
perirenal fat capsule
renal capsule

Question 17

ureters

capable of

Answer 17

peristalsis

Question 18

ureters

connect to the bladder at an angle that

Answer 18

prevents back flow of urine

Question 19

ureters exit the kidney at the

Answer 19

hilum

Question 20

ureters

enter posterior/inferior side of bladder at the ____- in the trigone area

Answer 20

ureteral openings

Question 21

the -_______ is sensitive to expansion (stretch); when it gets full, signals to empty bladder

Answer 21

trigone

Question 22

trigone is formed by the _____ and internal urethral orifice

Answer 22

2 ureteric orifices

Question 23

urinary bladder

_______ help maintain the position of the bladder

Answer 23

peritoneal folds

Question 24

urinary bladder

detrusor muscle: smooth muscle layer of the bladder
function

Answer 24

involuntary (brain and SC control mechanism of voiding – can be trained)
Bladder expands to fill and contracts to empty – need compliance
Can be very sensitive to bladder irritants and muscular tension

Question 25

urinary bladder internal/external sphincter the exit of bladder/entrance of urethra: function

Answer 25

smooth muscle (involuntary) – structurally different in female

Question 26

male bladder and urethra length? 3 parts

Answer 26

18 to 20 cm in length, subdivided based on location into three parts

Question 27

membranous urethra short segment that goes through the _________

Answer 27

urogenital diaphragm (site of external urethral sphincter

Question 28

prostatic urethra passes through

Answer 28

prostate gland

Question 29

spongey urethra (penile urethra) extends through the penis to the

Answer 29

external urethral orifce

Question 30

IUS- fails during

Answer 30

retrograde ejaculation

Question 31

female bladder and urethra base of the bladder is __________________

Answer 31

inferior to the uterus, anterior to the vagina

Question 32

female urethra length

Answer 32

Shorter (3-5 cm) (partly why more women suffer UTIs than men)

Question 33

female bladder external urethral oriffice is near the

Answer 33

anterior wall of the vagina (more external in females) Internal - structurally different than in male

Question 34

internal genitalia are located in the pelvic cavity male and female

Answer 34

Uterus, cervix, ovaries, and uterine tubes in females Prostate gland, ductus deferens, seminal vesicles in males

Question 35

external genitalia are located in the perineum

Answer 35

Clitoris, labia majora, and labia minora in females (vulva) Penis and scrotum in males

Question 36

structures supporting the ovaries 3

Answer 36

Ovarian ligament (contained within broad ligament) Suspensory ligament (contains gonadal vessels – attach ovary to sidewall of pelvis) Mesovarium (part of broad ligament)

Question 37

uterine tube contains

Answer 37

fimbrae infidibulum ampulla isthusms

Question 38

strutures supporting uterus 2

Answer 38

broad ligament round ligament

Question 39

pelvic floor muscles 3 layers

Answer 39

superficial middle deep

Question 39

pelvic floor muscles superficial

Answer 39

sexual, external anal sphincter

Question 40

pelvic floor muscles middle

Answer 40

Urinary sphincter control, supportive/trampoline

Question 41

pelvic floor muscles deep

Answer 41

largest, support, pressure control

Question 42

pelvic floor muscles (function) 4 S's

Answer 42

- Supportive, sphincter, sexual, stabilize******* (regulate pressure)