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Joints Flashcards

0
Q

Articulation

A

Site where two or more bones meet

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1
Q

Joint

A

Weakest parts of the skeleton

Give mobility & hold skeleton together

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2
Q

Synarthrosis

A

Little to no movement takes place in the joint

Ex) sutures in the skull

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3
Q

Amphiarthrosis

A

Slightly moveable joints

Ex) vertebrae, carpals, & tarsals

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4
Q

Diarthrosis

A

Freely or very movable joints

Includes a synovial joint cavity

Ex) elbow, knee, shoulder

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5
Q

Synovial Joint Cavity

A

Oil-like fluid that helps against friction

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6
Q

Fibrous Joints

A

Joined by fibrous tissue
No joint cavity
Typically immovable

Ex) sutures, syndesmoses, & gomphoses

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7
Q

Sutures

A

Immovable, fibrous joints fount only in the skull.

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8
Q

Syndesmoses

A

Joints where only fibrous ct ligaments bind 2 bones together.

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9
Q

Gomphoses

A

Holds teeth in place

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10
Q

Strained

A

Overstreached

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11
Q

Sprained

A

Torn

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12
Q

Cartilaginous Joints

A

Articulating bones are united by cartilage
Lack joint cavity

Ex) synchondroses & symphyses

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13
Q

Synchodrosis

A

Help together by Hyaline cartilage

Little to no movement

Ex) epiphyseal plates

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14
Q

Symphyses

A

Hyaline cartilage articulates surface of bone

Amphiarthrotic joints- designed for strength

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15
Q

Synovial joints

A

Always separated by a fluid containing cavity, filled with synovial fluid.

Freely movable

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16
Q

Synovial Joints include..

A
  • Articular cartilage
  • Articular capsule
  • Synovial cavity
  • Synovial fluid
  • Reinforcing ligaments
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17
Q

Synovial fluid

A

Lubricating fluid that helps with frictionless ROM

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18
Q

Joint Capsule (Articular Capsule)

A

Holds the fluid in the joint

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19
Q

Synovial Membrane

A

Manufactures synovial fluid

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20
Q

Bursae

A

Flattened, fibrous sacs lined with the synovial membrane. Also contains synovial fluid

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21
Q

Tendon Sheath

A

Elongated bursa that wraps completely around a tendon

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22
Q

Articular surfaces

A

Shape determines what movements are possible

23
Q

Ligaments

A

Unite bones and prevent excessive or undesirable motion

24
Origin
Attachment to the immovable bone
25
Insertion
Attachment to the movable bone
26
Nonaxial/Monaxial/Uniaxial
Slipping movements only or movement in one plane
27
Biaxial
Movement in two planes
28
Multiaxial
Movement in or around all three planes Ex) hips/shoulder
29
Types of Synovial Joints
- Gliding (Planar) Joints - Hinge Joints - Pivot Joints - Condyloid Joint - Saddle Joint - Ball & Socket Joint
30
Gliding (Planar) Joint
Glide along each other in small ROM Monaxial joint Ex) carpals
31
Hinge Joints
Concave surface moves on a convex surface. Monaxial joint Ex) knee, elbow
32
Pivot Joints
One bone pivots or rotates according to the other bone Monaxial Ex) rotation
33
Condyloid (Ellipsoid) Joint
Oval convex surface fitting into & on oval concave surface. Baxial joint
34
Saddle Joint
Like two pringles lying on each other Only 2 in your body
35
Ball & Socket Joint
Found in the shoulder & hip Multiaxial joint
36
Gliding
Back and forth & side to side
37
Flexion
Decrease in the angle of a joint Ex) bring arm forward
38
Extension
Increase angle of a joint Ex) bring arm behind you
39
Hyperextension
Beyond 180 degrees
40
Abduction
Moves away from midsaggital line
41
Adductor
Moves towards midsaggital line
42
Circumduction
One end doesn't move while the other end makes circular motion
43
Rotation
Bone turns on longitudinal axis
44
Elevation vs. Depression
Raises bone vertically The opposite of elevation
45
Protraction/Retraction
Moves bone forward Moves bone backwards Ex) jaw
46
Inversion/Eversion
Soles of feet pointing inward Soles of feet pointing outward
47
Dorsiflexion/Plantar flexion
Toes to chin Tippy toes
48
Supination/Pronation
Palm faces upward Palm faces backward
49
Opposition/Reposition
Thumb to little finger Thumb in reg position
50
ACL
Prevents hyperextension
51
PCL
Prevents femur from sliding off tibia
52
Meniscus
Absorbs shock
53
Shoulder Joint (Glenohuneral)
5 ligaments that support the shoulder, but little support/protection on axial part of shoulder.
54
Radial Annular Ligament
Allows rotation from palm up to palm down

Anatomy (14 decks)

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