Flashcards in L05 Introduction to the Brain Deck (28)
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1
what three things compose the brain?
cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem
2
what three things compose the brainstem?
midbrain, pons, medulla
3
another name for lateral fissure? (eponym)
sylvian fissure.
4
what divides the frontal and temporal lobes?
lateral (sylvian) fissure.
5
what divides the frontal and parietal lobes?
the central sulcus.
6
what divides the occipital from the parietal and temporal lobes?
imaginary line between parieto-occipital fissure and the preoccipital notch.
7
what structure is medial to the lateral fissure?
insular cortex/insula.
8
what composes the diencephalon?
thalami, hypothalami, epithalamus
9
what composes the basal ganglia?
caudate, putamen, glubus pallidus
10
which structures connect the two hemispheres?
corpus callosum and anterior commissure.
11
what is the corona radiata?
a collection of white matter that travels from hemisphere to lower centres. travels as internal capsule (bounded by diencephalon and basal ganglia), and external capsule (lateral to the putamen.
12
what structures connect lobes within a hemisphere?
association fibres.
13
name the route of CSF flow.
lateral ventricle (inferior+posterior horns + atrium, then body).
interventricular foramen (of monro).
third ventricle.
cerebral aqueduct (of sylvius).
fourth ventricle.
14
physical relationship of the three basal ganglia structures to each other?
caudate is most superior
putamen is lateral to globus pallidus.
15
what's the function of the precentral gyrus?
primary motor cortex
16
what's the function of the postcentral gyrus?
primary somatosensory cortex
17
which structure do the thalami bound?
3rd ventricle.
18
name 4 nuclear groups of the thalamus
anterior nuclei, lateral nuclei, medial nuclei, pulvinar
19
name 5 major nuclei of the thalamus
ventral anterior nucleus
ventral lateral nucleus
ventral posterior nucleus
lateral geniculate body
medial geniculate body
20
what is the main function of the thalamus?
relays signals between the body and brain
21
inputs and outputs of the ventral anterior nucleus?
input: basal nuclei.
output: motor area of frontal lobe.
22
inputs and outputs of the ventral lateral nucleus?
input: cerebellum and basal nuclei.
output: motor area of frontal lobe.
23
inputs and outputs of the ventral posterior nucleus?
input: somatosensation of skin, muscle, joints.
output: 1º SS ctx
24
inputs and outputs of the medial geniculate nucleus?
input: auditory system.
output: 1º auditory ctx.
25
inputs and outputs of the lateral geniculate nucleus?
input: retina.
output: 1º visual ctx.
26
functions of the hypothalamus?
neural, humoral, hormonal inputs.
outputs control the autonomic and endocrine systems.
tied to limbic system for emotion.
27
name 4 functions of the limbic system
olfaction
survival
memory
behaviour
28
