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ANAT > L14: Muscles of the Pectoral Girdle and Arm > Flashcards

L14: Muscles of the Pectoral Girdle and Arm Flashcards

(65 cards)

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1
Q

what are upper appendicular muscles? (hint:5)

A
  • move pectoral girdle
  • move glenohumeral joint/arm
  • muscles of arm
  • muscles of forearm
  • intrinsic muscles of hand
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2
Q

What are the movements of the pectoral girdle?

A
  • elevation, depression
  • protraction, retraction
  • scapula upward and downward rotation
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3
Q

Where do muscles that move the pectoral girdle originate and insert?

A
  • originate on axial skeleton

- insert on pectoral girdle

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4
Q

What are the anterior muscles that move the pectoral girdle? (hint: 3)

A
  • trapezius
  • pectoralis minor
  • serratus anterior
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5
Q

What are the posterior muscles that move the pectoral girdle? (hint: 5)

A
  • trapezius
  • levator scapulae
  • rhomboid minor
  • rhomboid major
  • serratus anterior
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6
Q

What is the external structure of the pectoralis minor?

A
  • fan or convergent
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7
Q

origin and insertion of pectoralis minor?

A

origin: anterosup. surfaces of ribs 3-5
insertion: coracoid process of scapula

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8
Q

function of pectoralis minor? (hint: 3)

A
  • depress and protract shoulder
  • downward rotation of scapula
  • elevate ribs
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9
Q

external structure of serratus anterior?

A

serrated

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10
Q

origin and insertion of serratus anterior?

A

origin: anterosuperior margins of ribs 1-8 or 9
insertion: anterior surface of vertebral (medial) border of the scapula

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11
Q

function of serratus anterior?

A
  • protract shoulder

- upward rotation of scapula (glenoid cavity points superiorly)

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12
Q

external structure of trapezius?

A

trapezoid

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13
Q

origin and insertion of trapezius?

A

origin: occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae
insertion: clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

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14
Q

function of trapezius?

A

-elevate, retract, depress, rotate scapula (upward)

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15
Q

external structure of rhomboid minor/major?

A

diamond

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16
Q

origin and insertion of rhomboid MINOR?

A

origin: spinous processes C7-T1
insertion: medial border of scapular (superior to spine)

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17
Q

function of rhomboid minor?

A
  • elevate, retract, downward rotate scapula
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18
Q

origin and insertion of rhomboid MAJOR?

A

originate: spinous processes T2-T5
insertion: medial border of scapula (inferior to spine)

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19
Q

function of rhomboid major?

A
  • elevate, retract, downward rotate scapula
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20
Q

Origination/insertion of muscles that move the glenohumeral joint?

A

origin: axial skeleton OR pectoral girdle
insertion: cross the glenohumeral joint

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21
Q

do all glenohumeral joint muscles insert onto the humerus?

A

no

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22
Q

what are the two types of pectoralis major?

A
  • clavicular head

- sternal head

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23
Q

what are the two types of biceps brachii?

A
  • long head

- short head

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24
Q

external structure of pectoralis major?

A
  • fan or convergent
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25
origin and insertion of pectoralis major?
origin: body of sternum, costocartilages 2-6,, inferomedial portion of clavicle insertion: greater tubercle and lateral lip of intertubercular groove of humerus
26
function of pectoralis major?
- flexion, adduction, medial (internal) rotation of arm
27
external structure of deltoid?
- triangular
28
origin and insertion of deltoid?
origin: lateral clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
29
function of deltoid?
- arm abduction, flexion and medial rotation, extension, lateral rotation
30
what are the 3 anatomical segments of the deltoid?
- middle deltoid - posterior deltoid - anterior deltoid
31
action of middle deltoid in glenohumeral joint?
abduction
32
action of posterior deltoid in GHJ?
extension, lateral rotation
33
action of anterior deltoid in GHJ?
- flexion, medial rotation
34
external structure of latissimus dorsi?
- convergent
35
origin and insertion of latissimus dorsi?
origin: spinous processes of inferior thoracic vertebrae, ribs 8-12, and thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest insertion: floor of intertubercular groove of humerus
36
function of latissimus dorsi?
- extension, adduction, medial rotation of arm
37
external structure of teres major ?
fusiform
38
origin and insertion of teres major?
origin: inferior angle of scapula insertion: medial lip of intertubercular groove of humerus
39
function of teres major?
- extension, medial rotation of shoulder
40
Rotator cuff: Supraspinatus position, action, insertion
- superior - abduction - insertion: greater tubercle
41
rotator cuff: infraspinatus position, action, insertion
- posterior - lateral rotation - greater tubercle
42
rotator cuff: teres minor position, action, insertion?
- posterior - lateral rotation - greater tubercle
43
rotator cuff: subscapularis position, action, insertion?
- anterior - medial rotation - lesser tubercle
44
What are the muscular compartments of the arm/brachium?
- flexor (anterior) | - extensor (posterior)
45
what divides the muscular compartments of the arm/brachium?
- connective tissue (deep fascia)
46
what is intermuscular septum of the arm/brachium?
- deep fascia encircles muscle groups and inserts into the periosteum of the bone as an intermuscular septum
47
what does the coracobrachialis cross?
- anterior/medial glenohumeral joint
48
what do the biceps brachii cross?
- long head crosses superior/anterio GHJ and anterior humeroulnar joint, and proximal radioulnar joint - short head crosses anterior GHJ and anterior HUJ and proximal RUJ
49
what does the brachialis cross?
- anterior humeroulnar joint
50
external structure of biceps brachii?
-fusiform, 2 heads
51
origin and insertion of biceps brachii?
origin: short head = coracoid process, long head = supraglenoid tubercle insertion: radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis
52
function of biceps brachii
- flexion at GHJ and elbow | - supination of flexed forearm
53
origin/ insertion of coracobrachialis
origin: coracoid process insertion: medial margins of humeral shaft
54
function of coracobrachialis?
adduction and flexion of arm | - moves the GHJ
55
origin and insertion of brachialis?
origin: anterior distal surface of humerus insertion: coronoid process of ulna
56
function of brachialis?
- flexion of elbow
57
origin/insertion of brachioradialis?
origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of distal humerus insertion: base of styloid process of the radius
58
function of brachioradialis?
- flexion of elbow
59
Brachioradialis: distinguishing between extensor or flexor?
- forms part of posterolateral compartment of forearm which is the wrist's extensor compartment - however, this muscle is a FLEXOR of the ELBOW
60
what does the triceps brachii cross?
- long head crosses posterior GHJ and posterior HUJ - lateral head crosses posterior HUJ - medial head crosses posterior HUJ
61
what does the anconeus cross?
- posterolateral elbow joint and also attaches to the capsule
62
external structure of triceps brachii?
fusiform three heads
63
origin of triceps brachii?
long head = infraglenoid tubercle of scapula lateral head = superior lateral margin of humerus medial head = posterior surface of humerus inferior to radial groove
64
insertion of triceps brachii
olecranon process of ulna
65
function of triceps brachii?
- extension of elbow | - long head only: extension and adduction at shoulder

ANAT (31 decks)

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