L2 - Motivation Flashcards
(27 cards)
What is the definition of motivation?
The direction and intensity of one’s effort (Sage, 1977)
What are the two main approaches to motivation?
Person-centered view (traits) and situational factors (state)
What does the interaction view of motivation consider?
Both participant and situation factors together
What is the carrot and stick framework?
Motivation through rewards and punishments
What is bounded rationality?
The idea that people don’t always act with perfect rationality; rewards like money may not always increase performance
What is the focus of Self-Determination Theory?
Extent to which behaviours like sport and exercise are undertaken voluntarily
What are the three basic psychological needs in SDT?
Autonomy, Relatedness, and Competence
What is intrinsic motivation according to SDT?
Engaging in an activity for inherent enjoyment or interest
What is extrinsic motivation?
Doing an activity for external rewards or approval
What does research show about SDT and sport behaviour in self-determined motives?
Self-determined motives are linked to more effort, higher exercise intensity, and reduced burnout
What does Achievement Goal Theory focus on?
Differences in how individuals define success and evaluate competence
What are Task (Mastery) Orientation characteristics?
Focus on self-referenced improvement and learning
What are Ego Orientation characteristics?
Focus on outperforming others and demonstrating superiority
What is the effect of high ego and low task orientation?
High anxiety and excessive focus on winning
What is the effect of low ego and high task orientation?
Low anxiety and high enjoyment
What are the four goal profiles?
High Task-High Ego, High Task-Low Ego, Low Task-Low Ego, Low Task-High Ego
What influences achievement goal orientations?
Individual characteristics and social environment
What are the two types of motivational climates?
Mastery (task-involving) and Performance (ego-involving)
What is the TARGET framework?
Task, Authority, Recognition, Grouping, Evaluation, Time (Epstein, 1989)
What is attribution in motivation theory?
How people explain the causes of their success and failure
What are Weiner’s four attribution types?
Ability, Effort, Task Difficulty, Luck
What are the two dimensions in Weiner’s model?
Locus of causality and stability
What do high achievers attribute success/failure to?
Success: internal factors; Failure: external factors
What do low achievers attribute success/failure to?
Success: external factors; Failure: internal factors
