L45: Male Reproductive Anatomy

Question 1

The testes have two compartments, which have two functions- what are they?

Answer 1

1. Seminiferous tubules
2. Interstitial tissue

Question 2

What are the top arrows indicating? Bottom?

Answer 2

Top: Seminiferous tubules

Bottom: Interstitial tissue

Question 3

The seminiferous epithelium is made up of what two types of cells?

Answer 3

1. Germ cells
2. Sertoli cells

Question 4

In the seminiferous tubules, what structures are the colored triangles indication?

Answer 4

Orange: Elongated spermatids

Yellow: Rounded spermatids

Green: Spermatocytes

Blue: Spermatogonia

Question 5

What is indicated by the arrows?

Answer 5

Intercellular bridges

Question 6

What cells are indicated by the blue arrows?

Answer 6

Sertoli cells

Question 7

What is the main function* of the sertoli cells- what are other 3 functions?

Answer 7

Main: Provide physical and nutritional support to germ cells*

• Regulate mvmnt of cells and molecules into the epith
• Phagocytize degenerating germ cells
• Secrete molecules into the epithelium and to the interstitial tissue

Question 8

What is the blood-testis barrier?

Answer 8

Cytoplasm of sertoli cells and tight junctions between adjacent sertoli cells

Question 9

What are the two types of compartments indicated? What stage of sperm is present in each?

Answer 9

Adluminal compartment: Spermatocytes, spermatids

Basal compartment: spermatogonia, preleptotene spermatocytes

Question 10

The adluminal comparment and the basal compartment of the seminiferous epithelium are part of what compartment?

Answer 10

Intratubular compartment

Question 11

The sertoli cells secrete many different things; what is one key secretion that would aid in increasing sperm viability and energy?

Answer 11

Fructose

Question 12

In the seminiferous tubule wall, what is indicated by the green arrows?

Answer 12

Peritubular myoid cells

Question 13

What is inidicated by the red box in the tubular wall of seminiferous tubules? 2 functions?

Answer 13

Smooth muscle actin

• Contraction of tubules= flow
• Stim of stertoli cells

Question 14

What is this a structure of?

Answer 14

Tubular wall

Question 15

What are the red arrows indicating on the tubular wall? Start from top left and clockwise

Answer 15

Sertoli cell

Basal lamina

Peritubular myoid cells

Question 16

What is the black and blue arrows indicating in the intersitial tissue?

Answer 16

Black: Leydig cells

Blue: Blood vessles

Question 17

The testes have 2 compartments, 2 cells, and 2 ______.

Answer 17

Gonadotropins

Question 18

What type of testis development is this indicating?

Answer 18

Prenatal

Question 19

What type of tesis development is this indicating?

Answer 19

Postnatal development

Question 20

Sperm are carried by fluid through _______ducts to the epididymis

Answer 20

Excurrent ducts

Question 21

What is 2? Function?

Answer 21

Tubuli recti

Simple, low columnar or cuboidal, epithelium devoid of germ cells

Question 22

A structure of the excurrent duct- what is this? Describe.

Answer 22

Rete testis

Flattened channels; cuboidal ciliated cells

Question 23

A structure of the excurrent duct- what is this? Describe.

Answer 23

Efferent ducts

Columnar ciliated cels and columnar cells with microvilli!

Question 24

What are the black arrows (top + bottom)? What structure is this a part of as a whole?

Answer 24

Top arrow: CT

Bottom: Epididymal duct

epididymis

Question 25

Where is sperm stored?

Answer 25

Tail of epididymis

Question 26

Where is sperm matured?

Answer 26

Head and body of epididymis

Question 27

What is indicated by red circle and line of the epididymis and what portion of it?

Answer 27

Myenteric plexus in Tail

Question 28

In the epididymis, describe this tissue.

Answer 28

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Question 29

What is the red box indicating and what is the function of this structure?

Answer 29

**Ductus deferens** Conveys the sperm to the pelvic urethra

Question 30

What is the red box indicaitng?

Answer 30

Ductus deferens

Question 31

What is the tissue type of this on the ductus deferens?

Answer 31

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Question 32

What is this structure? (type specific)

Answer 32

Musculocavernous penis

Question 33

What is this structure? (type specific)

Answer 33

Fibroelastic penis

Question 34

What is this cross-section a part of? (type specific)

Answer 34

Musculocavernous penis

Question 35

What is this cross-section a part of? (type specific)

Answer 35

Fibroelastic penis

Question 36

What is this cross-section a part of? (type specific)

Answer 36

Musculocavernous penis

Question 37

What is this a structure of?

Answer 37

Penis

Question 38

Out of the male glands: ampullary glands, vesciular glands, prostate, and bulbourethral gland, which species (horse, bull, boar, dog, cat) does NOT have a ampullary gland?

Answer 38

Boar

Question 39

Out of the male glands: ampullary glands, vesciular glands, prostate, and bulbourethral gland, which species (horse, bull, boar, dog, cat) does NOT have a vesicular gland?

Answer 39

Dog and Cat

Question 40

Out of the male glands: ampullary glands, vesciular glands, prostate, and bulbourethral gland, which species (horse, bull, boar, dog, cat) does NOT have a bulbourethral gland?

Answer 40

Dog

Question 41

What is this a structure of? What does it secrete?

Answer 41

**Ampullary glands;** Fluid rich in fructose and ergothionein (antioxidant aa)

Question 42

What is this a structure of? What does this structure secrete?

Answer 42

**Vesicular glands** Secretes alkaline viscid fluid rich in fructose and "coagulating" proteins

Question 43

What is the stroma of the vesicular glands?

Answer 43

Fibroelastic capsule (smooth muscle + elastic fibers) that aextends as trabeculae SEE number 1 in pic

Question 44

What is this structure comparing in vesicular glands?

Answer 44

Non-castrated (Left) vs Castrated (right)

Question 45

What is the blue arrow indicating on this horse penis structure?

Answer 45

Vesicular gland

Question 46

What is the blue arrow indicating on this horse penis structure?

Answer 46

Ampullary gland

Question 47

What is the blue arrow indicating on this horse penis structure?

Answer 47

Prostate

Question 48

What is this structure and what is it secreting?

Answer 48

**Prostate** Secreting a slightly acid fluid rich in acid phosphatse, citric acid, and proteins for semen _liquefaction_

Question 49

What are the prostatic secretions and what is exclusive?

Answer 49

Condensed secretion, it may become calcified

Question 50

What is this structure indicating and what is its secretion?

Answer 50

**Bulbourethral gland** A clear viscid mucus-like fluid rich in sialoproteins and amino surgars for urethral cleaning and lubrication

Question 51

What is the blue arrow indicating on this horse penis structure?

Answer 51

Bulbourethral gland

Question 52

What is significant about this? What may it indicate clinically?\*

Answer 52

ONLY Sertoli cells- NO germ cells May indicate cryptorchidism!!!

Question 53

What does this show?

Answer 53

Testicular tumors

Question 54

What is this tumor type and what is being seen?\*

Answer 54

**Seminoma**; HIGH presence of germ cells; round BIG nuclei; and HIGH nucleus to cytoplasm ration

Question 55

What is this tumor type and what is being seen?\*

Answer 55

**Sertoli cell tumor;** HIGH presence of cells with rounded homogenous nuclei (cells with that phenotype that do not correspond to that of Leydig or germ cells)

Question 56

What is this tumor type and what is being seen?\*

Answer 56

**Leydig cell tumor** High presenece of cells with typical leydig cell phenotype