L38: Pelvis I

Question 1

Body walls are heterogeneous stratifications of different _____?

Answer 1

Tissue layers

Question 2

Pelvis is?

Answer 2

Dorsal, ventral, and lateral walls of pelvic cavity

Question 3

Perineum?

Answer 3

Caudal wall of the pelvic cavity

Question 4

What is boney pelvis consists of?

Answer 4

2 coxal bones + sacrum + 3-7 caudal vertebrae

Question 5

What is pelvic girdle composed of?

Answer 5

2 coxal bones

Question 6

What is coxal bone composed of?

Answer 6

ilium + pubis + ischium

Question 7

Pelvic inlet vs pelvic outlet?

Answer 7

Pelvic inlet: pelvic entrance on border

Pelvic outlet: space used to peritoneal

Question 8

Coxal bones act as external ____?

Answer 8

Hallmarks

Question 9

Sacral tuber is known as point of the ____?

Answer 9

Croup

Question 10

Coxal tuber is known as point of the __?

Answer 10

Hip

Question 11

Ischial tuber is known as the point of the ____?

Answer 11

Butt

Question 12

Acetabulum is called the _____joint?

Answer 12

Coxofemoral

Question 13

Boney pelvis results from the contribution of which 4 joints?*

Answer 13

1. Sacro-iliac joint
2. Pubic symphysis
3. Acetabulum
4. Intervertebral joints (sacral and caudal vertebrae)

Question 14

The diarthrosis of sacro-iliac joint has _____ movement.

Answer 14

Limited

Question 15

Sacro-iliac joint reinforced by several ligaments? (4)

Answer 15

1. Ventral sacro-iliac ligament
2. Dorsal sacro-iliac ligament
3. Lateral sacro “ “
4. Sacrotuberous ligament

Question 16

Amphiarhtrosis of pubic symphysis acts as?

Answer 16

acts as “glue” of 2 coxal bones

Question 17

The sacrotuberous ligament in large animals is what?

Answer 17

The most lateral layer of the pellvic wall, medial the gluteal muscles

Question 18

In pelvis, most outer wall is the ?

Answer 18

Sacrotuberous ligament, which is narrow band of tissue

Question 19

The element that constitutes joint of horse tail include what two structures?

Answer 19

intervertebral discs and connective tissue sheath

Question 20

The muscules of pelvic roof is called?

Answer 20

Sacrocaudalis ventralis

Question 21

The pelvic diaphragm has 2 muscles- what are they?

Answer 21

• Levator ani

- Coccygeus

Question 22

The muscles of the pelvic floor (ungulates) is what?

Answer 22

Obturator inernus

Question 23

in the sacrocaudalis ventralis, there are two portions (depressors of the tail)- what are they?

Answer 23

1. Lateralis (long depressor of tail)

2. Medialis (short depressor of tail)

Question 24

What do the depressors of the tail do and what are they innervated by?

Answer 24

Flexion and lateral movements of the tail; caudal spinal nerve

Question 25

In pelvic diaphragm in ungulates, there are two structures (movement of tail) what are they and what is their mode of action?

Answer 25

1. Coccygeus: flexion and lateral movements of the tail | 2. Levator ani: reduce partial prolapse of anus at defecation

Question 26

In pelvic diaphragm in ungulates, there are two structures (movement of tail) what are they each innervated by?

Answer 26

- Coccygeus- Caudal rectal and pudendal nerves | - Levator ani- Caudal rectal and pudendal nerves

Question 27

What is the obturator internus innervated by and what is its action?

Answer 27

Innervated by ischiatic nerve | Action: rotates femur laterally

Question 28

The levator ani of canivorans have what 3 bands in the levator ani? *

Answer 28

1. Iliococcygeus 2. Pubococcygeus 3. Puborectalis

Question 29

The levator ani of canivorans are innervated by what nerves?

Answer 29

Caudal rectal and pudendal nerves

Question 30

The levator ani of canivorans' action is what?

Answer 30

Flex tail laterally or ventrally (1and2 of 3 bands) and reduce partial prolapse of anus at defecation

Question 31

What is the perineal membrane?

Answer 31

A membrane of strong fibrous tissue that extends from the borders of the ischial arch to the vestibule or penis bulb to anchor them

Question 32

What is the origin of the perineal membrane? Attachment? (2)

Answer 32

Border of schial arch | - Attachment: cranial surface of vaginal vestibule, penis bulb

Question 33

The coccygeous of carvinorans is innervated by what and what is its action?

Answer 33

Innervated by caudal rectal and pudendal nerves | Action: flex tail laterally or ventrally

Question 34

The pelvis contains the terminal parts of the __, ___, and ___?

Answer 34

Digestive, urinary and reproductive systems

Question 35

In the pelvis which structure is part of the digestive system? (1)

Answer 35

Rectum

Question 36

In the pelvis which structures are part of the urinary system? (3)

Answer 36

Ureter, bladder, urethra

Question 37

In the pelvis which structures are part of the FEMALE repro system? (2)

Answer 37

uterus, vagina

Question 38

In the pelvis which structures are part of the MALE repro system? (2)

Answer 38

Ducuts deferens, Accessory sex glands

Question 39

The peritoneal ligament covers what?

Answer 39

Walls to the visceral

Question 40

Pouch-like extensions form at the _____wall of the peritoneal 'balloon'

Answer 40

Caudal

Question 41

The viscera of what area are covered by adventitia?

Answer 41

Retroperitoneal

Question 42

In the perotineal space, there are 4 pouches- list the four pouches and what structures are associated with those pouches.

Answer 42

1. Sacro-rectal pouch - Mesorectum 2. Recto-genital pouch - Genital folds 3. Vesico-genital pouch - Lateral ligaments of bladder 4. Vesico-pubic pouch - Middle ligament of bladder

Question 43

The parietal blood supply of the DOG occurs from dorsal (2) and ventral arteries (1)- what are they?

Answer 43

Dorsal arteries: caudal gluteal a and median sacral a | Ventral: Internal pudendal a.

Question 44

The visceral blood supply of DOG is from what artery?

Answer 44

Internal pudendal a

Question 45

The parietal blood supply of the HORSE occurs from dorsal (2) and ventral arteries (1)- what are they?

Answer 45

Dorsal arteries: caudal gluteal a and median sacral a | Ventral: Internal pudendal a.

Question 46

The visceral blood supply of HORSE is from what artery?

Answer 46

Internal pudendal a

Question 47

Differences of pelvis supply btwn horse and dog- median sacral a? (horse)

Answer 47

In horse, it emerges from the internal iliac a (right or left)

Question 48

Differences of pelvis supply btwn horse and dog- lt. caudal gluteal a.? (horse)

Answer 48

In horse, it gets covered by deep gluteal m.

Question 49

Differences of pelvis supply btwn horse and dog- lt. obturator a? (dog)*

Answer 49

In dog. it is absent*

Question 50

Differences of pelvis supply btwn horse and dog- Lt umbilical a? (horse)

Answer 50

In horse, it emerges from the internal pudendal a (or the internal iliac a)

Question 51

Differences of pelvis supply btwn horse and dog- lt uterine a.? (horse)

Answer 51

In horse, it emerges from the external iliac a

Question 52

Innervation of the pelvis is responsible by? *

Answer 52

Pelvic plexus*

Question 53

Regional non-innervating nerves are all from? *

Answer 53

Lumbosacral plexus

Question 54

The lymph of the pelvic viscera drains to the___ and ___?

Answer 54

internal ileac and sacral nodes

Question 55

Rectal palpation in Large animals purpose?

Answer 55

- Clinical examination of intestines | - Reproductive diagnosis

Question 56

Rectal palpation in small animals purpose?

Answer 56

- Clinical examination of anus and rectum - clinical examination of reproductive tract - Examination of boney pelvis

Question 57

Purpose of clinical examination of intestines in large animals during rectal palpation?

Answer 57

Distension and impaction

Question 58

Purpose of reproductive diagnosis in large animal rectal palpation?

Answer 58

Female: pregnancy, ovarian status, repro tract pathologies Male: integrity of accessory sex glands and prostate massage for semen collection

Question 59

Purpose of clinical examination of anus and rectum in small animal rectal palpation?

Answer 59

Integrity of rectum walls and mucosa, tone of anal sphincter and expression of anal sacs

Question 60

Purpose of clinical examination of repro tract in small animal rectal palpation?

Answer 60

Pathologies in vagina or prostate