Lab Exam 1 Flashcards
1
Q
hematocrit formula
A
(RBC/total vol) *100
1
Q
MCV formula
A
(hematocrit/ RBC count) *10
2
Q
MCH formula
A
(Hb/ RBC count) *10
3
Q
MCHC formula
A
(Hb/hematocrit) *100
4
Q
% retics formula
A
(# of retics/ 1000 RBC) *100
5
Q
retic index corrected formula
A
% retics * pt’s hematocrit/ hematocrit of 45 (M) or 42 (F)
6
Q
retic production index
A
retic index/ maturation time
7
Q
what does it mean if RPI is less than 3
A
BM is not responding
8
Q
what does it mean if RPI is greater than 3
A
BM is responding
9
Q
normal range of WBC
A
4500 to 11000
10
Q
normal range of plt
A
150000 to 450000
11
Q
disease:
- thrombocytopenia
- schistocytes
- nRBCs
- anisocytosis
- polychromasia
A
MAHA
12
Q
MAHA PBS findings (5)
A
- thrombocytopenia
- schistocytes
- nRBCs
- anisocytosis
- polychromasia
13
Q
disease?
- abnormal RBCs (stomatocytes)
- Howell-jolly bodies
- hyperseg neutrophils
- increased plt count
A
splenectomy
14
Q
splenectomy PBS findings (4)
A
- abnormal RBCs (stomatocytes)
- Howell-jolly bodies
- hyperseg neutrophils
- increased plt count
15
Q
disease?
- spherocytes
- retics
A
hereditary spherocytosis
16
Q
spherocytosis PBS findings
A
- spherocytes
- retics
17
Q
disease?
- 100% elliptocytes
A
hereditary elliptocytosis
18
Q
hereditary elliptocytosis PBS findings
A
- 100% elliptocytes
19
Q
disease ?
- dacryocytes
- nRBCs
- normocytic
- normochromic
A
myelophthisic anemia
20
Q
myelophthisic anemia PBS findings. (4)
A
- dacryocytes
- nRBCs
- normocytic
- normochromic
21
Q
what are the 4 types of MAHA
A
- TTP
- HUS
- HELLP
- DIC
22
Q
what is the problem in TTP
A
ADAMTS13 mutation
23
Q
What is the problem with HUS
A
blood clots in the kidney
24
who is most likely to develop HELLP
Pregnancy
25
why do stomatocytes form
ion imbalance in RBC mmb
26
what causes spherocytes
mutation in vertical protein
27
disease?
- hyperseg neutrophils
- ovalocytes
- macrocytic
- pancytopenia
megaloblastic anemia
28
megaloblastic anemia PBS findings (4)
- hyperseg neutrophils
- ovalocytes
- macrocytic
- pancytopenia
29
megaloblastic anemia: _____ hemocytstine,
increased
30
what happens to MMA during b12 diffiencey
increases
31
what vit deficiency causes megaloblastic anemia
B12 or B9
32
disease?
- geometric crystals
- target cells
Hb C
33
Hb C PBS findings (2)
- geometric crystals
- target cells
34
what gene is mutated with Hb C disease
beta gene
35
what does glutamic acid turn into (hb C disease)
lysine
36
disease?
- amporphous crystals
-target cells
- nRBCs
- polychromsia
Hb SC
37
Hb SC disease PBS findings (4)
- amporphous crystals
- target cells
- nRBCs
- polychromsia
38
what does thymine turn into (sickle cell disease)
adenine
39
what does glutamic acid turn into (sickle cell disease)
valine
40
heterozygous for Hb S and they are referred to as _____
sickle cell trait
41
homozygous for Hb S are referred to as
sickle cell disease
42
disease?
- sickle cells
- target cells
- polychromsia (depending on the stage)
sickle cell disease
43
sickle cell disease PBS findings (3)
- sickle cells
- target cells
- polychromsia (depending on the stage)
44
disease?
- microcytic
- hypo chromic
- poikilocytosis (target cells mostly)
- basophilic stippling
beta-thalassemia minor
45
PBS findings of beta-thalassemia minor. (4)
- microcytic
- hypo chromic
- poikilocytosis (target cells mostly)
- basophilic stippling
46
T or F: beta-thalassemia minor will have a normal RDW
T
47
disease?
- microcytic
- hypo chromic
- poikilocytosis
- basophilic stippling
- nRBCs
beta thalassemia major
48
PBS finding of beta thalassemia major (5)
- microcytic
- hypo chromic
- poikilocytosis
- basophilic stippling
- nRBCs
49
disease?
- microcytic
- hypo chromic
- high thrombocytoosis
IDA
50
PBS findings of IDA (3)
- microcytic
- hypo chromic
- high thrombocytoosis
51
disease?
- low ferritin
- high transferrin
- high TIBC
IDA
52
disease?
- diff stages of nRBCs
- hyperbilirubinemia
hemolytic disease of the newborn
53
PBS findings of hemolytic disease of the newborn (2)
- diff stages of nRBCs
- hyperbilirubinemia
54
disease?
- rouleaux
- increased M protein
multiple myeloma
55
multiple myeloma PBS findings. (2)
- rouleaux
- increased m protein
56
disease?
- microcytic spherocytes
- fragments
- 2 populations of cells
- thrombocyteosis
burns
57
PBS finding of burn pt (4)
- microcytic spherocytes
- fragments
- 2 populations of cells
- thrombocyteosis
58
what are the 4 stages of malaria
ring, trophozoite, schizont, and gametocyte
59
what infectious agent has Maltese crosses in RBCs
babesia microti
60
what stage of malaria looks like little balls in in RBCs
schizont
61
what is happening in the schizont stage of malaria
parasite is making more of itself
62
Disease?
- echinocytes
- polychromsia
- codocytes
- schizont/ring stage
malaria
63
PBS finding of malaria (4)?
- echinocytes
- polychromsia
- codocytes
- schizont/ring stage
64
what is the deadliest malaria species
P. falciparum
65
what is the most common malaria species
P. vivax
66
decribe what ring stage malaria looks like
small ring
67
decribe what trophozoite stage malaria looks like
larger ring
68
decribe what gametocyte stage malaria looks like
crescent moon
69
disease?
- thrombocytosis
- plt clumps
- large plts
essential thrombocythemia
70
PBS findings of essential thrombocythemia (3)
- thrombocytosis
- plt clumps
- large plts
71
what is the normal range of monocytes
2- 8%
72
what do you call an increased amount of immature cells (band neutrophils).
left shift
73
disease?
- nRBCs
- increased band neutrophils
- codocytes
- microcytes
left shift
74
left shift PBS findings (4)
- nRBCs
- increased band neutrophils
- codocytes
- microcytes
75
what magnification is used for hemocytometer
10x
76
dilution factor formula
(reagent + sample)/ sample
77
WBC / microL formula
cell count * DF/ vol (# of squares)
78
set up the vol equation for 8 squares
8 ( 1*1*0.1)
79
maturation time for Hct 40-45
1
80
maturation time for Hct 35-39
1.5
81
maturation time for Hct 25-34
2
82
maturation time for Hct 15-24
2.5
83
maturation time for Hct < 15
3
84
normal range of MCV
80-100 fL
85
normal range of MCH
26-34 pg
86
normal range of MCHC
32-36 g/dL
