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LAST CLASS > LEC 6 > Flashcards

LEC 6 Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

def? root cause is impaired DNA synthesis, very large cells in BM

A

dermatologic effect

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2
Q

what vitamins are important in DNA synthesis

A

vit B12 and folic acid

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3
Q

in MA what is the issue

A

thymidine nucleotide synthesis

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4
Q

is uracil a nucleotide in DNA or RNA

A

RNA only

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5
Q

in MA is it ineffective hematopoiesis or insufficient hematopoiesis

A

ineffective hematoopoiesis

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6
Q

what is the structure of B12

A

tetrapyrrole

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7
Q

what is the term for folate in food/supplements

A

folic acid

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8
Q

what is increased in the serum of someone with vit B12 deficiency

A

MMA

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9
Q

what enzyme generates methionine

A

methionine synthase

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10
Q

what becomes trapped when there is an issue with methionine synthase

A

folate (5-methyl THF)

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11
Q

in b12 or folate deficiency what cannot be converted into methionine

A

homocysteine

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12
Q

(B12 def) what happens when folate leaks out of the cell

A

reduction in intra cellular folate conc

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13
Q

what is the MCV for megaloblastic anemia

A

around 120 fL

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14
Q

what are the PBS characteristics of megaloblastic anemia (3)

A
  • oval macrocytes
  • hyperseg neutrophils
  • pancytopenia
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15
Q

describe the retic count in MA and why

A

decreased because cell division is the problem

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16
Q

why is pancytopenia a symptom in MA

A

because impaired DNA synthesis effects all cells in the body

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17
Q

which cells rapidly divide

A

skin, GI, and hematopoietic tissue

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18
Q

describe the hematopoietic tissue in MA

A

increased cellularity

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19
Q

what impairs DNA synthesis in MA

A

vitamin B12 or Folate def

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20
Q

what is required for thymidine production

A

vit B12 and folate

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21
Q

true or False: cells in MA will have an immature nucleus and a mature cytoplasm

22
Q

why is the cytoplasm able to mature normally in MA

Study These Flashcards
A

RNA function is not affected by Vitamin B12 or folate def

23
Q

what alimentary tract symptoms do MA have

Study These Flashcards
A

glossitis and loss of epithelium along GI tract

24
Q

def? loss of epithelium on tongue results in a smooth surface and soreness

25
vit B12 or folate def? neurological symptoms
vit b12
26
vit B12 or folate def? develops fasters and why
folate because there is b12 storage in the body
27
MA because of a folate deficiency has an increased risk of what
cardiovascular disease
28
t or f: vit b12 is heat liable
F
29
is it common for someone to be vit b 12 def due to diet
no
30
what causes pernicious anemia
lack of intrinsic factor causing impaired vit b12 absorption
31
def? mucosal epithelia cell found in base of gastric pits of stomach that secrete HCl and intrinsic factor
parietal cells
32
def? epithelia cells that make up the mucosa of the intestine and absorb nutrients and transport them into circulation
enterocytes
33
def? glycoprotein secreted by parietal cells and is essential for vit b12 absorption
intrinsic factor
34
def? aka transcobalamin I and is a carrier of salivary protein that protects acid sensitive vit b12 while it moves through the stomach
haptocorrin
35
def? enzyme that is released by chief cells in the stomach and that degrades food protein into peptides
pepsin
36
def? digestive enzyme produced by. pancreas that breaks down protein in the small intestine
trypsin
37
def? energy-using process by which cells absorb molecules by engulfing them
endocytosis
38
def? lowermost section of the small intestine
terminal ileum
39
what kind of food has folic acid
leafy green veggies
40
t or f: folic acid is heat liable
T
41
t or f: folate def can result from poor diet
T
42
what % of folate is absorbed from ingestion
50%
43
what can cause decreased absorption of folate
medicine
44
how is folate def treated
folic acid supplement
45
what pts are more at risk of a folate def
dialysis pts
46
what lab results help with diagnosing MA
high serum bilirubin and high LDH
47
t or f: in microcytic nonmegaloblastic anemia DNA synthesis is unimpaired
t
48
what PBS morphology is not seen in microcytic nonmegaloblastic anemia that is seen in MA
hyperseg neutrophils
49
what is the hb level of a newborn
increased
50
what disease is a result of macrocytic nonmegaloblastic anemia with round microcytes and target cells
liver disease
51
anemia? characterized by round microcytes and spur cells
liver disease caused by alcoholism
52
best lab test for pernicious anemia
detection of ab against IF and serum gastrin level

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