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Lab exam Flashcards

(54 cards)

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1
Q

What is the role of the Hayem solution?

A

hypertonic saline solution, shrinks RBC to stop cohesion

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2
Q

What is the area of the Bürker chamber?

A

50micromx50microm for small square and 200x200 for large square

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3
Q

How much Hayem solution do we use in the RBC counting?

A

990 microL (1mL)

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4
Q

How much blood do we need in the RBC and WBC counting?

A

10 microL

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5
Q

How much of the RBC / leukocyte suspension should be put in the Burker chamber?

A

20 microL

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6
Q

What is the normal value of the RBC count?

A

4-5.5 million cells / microL

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7
Q

What is Turk’s solution?

A

Methylene blue + acetic acid

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8
Q

What is Turk’s solution used for?

A

lyses RBCs, stains nuclei of WBC

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9
Q

How much of TUrk’s solution fo we need for WBC counting?

A

90 microL

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10
Q

What is the difference between counting RBC and WBC?

A

RBC : count small squares x 40

WBC : count big squares x25

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11
Q

What is the normal range of WBC count?

A

6-8000 cells / microL

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12
Q

What is may grunwald solution?

A

methanol + methylene blue + eosin

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13
Q

What is giemsa solution?

A

glycerol + azur-eosin with phosphate buffer, ph = 6.8

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14
Q

How long does the blood smear stay in each solution?

A

3minutes, 1 minute, then 15-20 minutes, then wash with distilled water

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15
Q

What is the percentage of neutrophils?

A

60-70%

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16
Q

What is the percentage of lymphocytes?

A

25-30%

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17
Q

What is the percentage of monocytes?

A

less than 10%

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18
Q

What is the percentage of eosinophils?

A

less than 5%

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19
Q

What is the percentage of basophils?

A

less than 1%

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20
Q

Transporter for glucose in RBC?

A

GLUT-1

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21
Q

Transporter for urea?

A

UT-B + some diffusion

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22
Q

Transport of NH3, ammonia?

Study These Flashcards
A

diffuse through membrane by non-ionic diffusion

23
Q

Transport of Cl- and HCO3-?

Study These Flashcards
A

CL- / HCO3- exchanger

24
Q

What does adding NaCHO3 do?

Study These Flashcards
A

dissociates H+ and bicarbonate to CO2 and H20

25
How much blood do we use for the transport rate calc?
100 microL of RBC suspension
26
If needed, how much NAHCO3- do we add to the suspension in RBC transport?
100 microL
27
What type of antibody is the ab against the ABO surface antigens?
It is IgM type, which cannot cross the placenta
28
What type of antibody is the ab against the Rh surface antigens?
It is IgG type, which can cross the placenta
29
When are antibodies produced for Rh?
Antibodies are produced upon first exposure to Rh antigen in Rh negative individuals
30
What is pulse pressure?
difference between systemis and diastolic bp
31
What is mean arterial pressure?
systemic + 2 disatolic / 3
32
pH value norm
7.35-7.45
33
Avg PaCO2
38-42mmHg
34
Standard Bicarbonate value
23-25Mm
35
Actual bicarbonate value
23-25Mm
36
Buffer base value
44-49mEq/L
37
Base excess value
2-2.5mEq/L
38
O2, N2 volume fraction (F)
0. 21 aka 21% for O2 | 0. 78 for N2
39
Partial pressure of H20 vapor at 37 degrees
47mmHg
40
Calc Pgas
Pgas = Fgas * (Pb - PH20)
41
Calc Valveolar
Va = (VT-VD)*RR | VT : 1000 if slow, 500 if rapid
42
Calc physiological deadspace
VD/VT = (PalvCO2 - PexpCO2)/(PalvCO2)
43
Calc alveolar minute ventilation
PalvCO2 = (V°CO2 / V°alv) * 863 PalvCO2 = 40mmHg Then use Valv = (VT-VD)*RR to find VT Then use VE = VT*RR
44
Calc alvPCO2 if 100mL tube
Vd (new) = 160 + 100 | Then find PalvCO2 = (VCO2 / Valv) *863
45
Calc alvPO2
PalvO2 = PIO2 - VO2/Valv *863 | PIO2 : partial presure of inhaled air
46
physiological PalvO2?
102mmHg
47
What is tubocurarine?
nAchR antagonist, blocks receptor without causing depolarization (no Na influx to motor end plate)
48
What is 3,4-diaminopyridine
K+ channel inhibitor (voltage gated)
49
What is tetrodotoxin?
voltage dependant Na+ channel blocker
50
What is norepinephrine?
alpha and beta adrenergic receptor agonist (alpha > beta)
51
What is prazosin?
alpha 1 adrenergic R antagonist, no effect in heart
52
What is propanolol?
Beta (1) blocker, important in heart
53
Explain the drop in the arterial and the increase in central venous pressure detected following ach administration
Cardiac M2 receptor : heart slows down, CO decreased, ABP decreased Endothelial M3 receptor : vasodilation, increase of VBP
54
What is atropine?
mAchR antagonist, blocks M3 receptors

W/Physiology (31 decks)

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