Flashcards in Lasers and Light Deck (30)
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1
Frequency and wavelength are ________ proportional to each other.
Inversely
2
Monochromatic
single wavelength
3
_____-______ electromagnetic radiation can be used for therapeutic medical applications.
Lower frequency
4
When is electromagnetic radiation greatest reaching the body?
Energy output is high, source is close to patient, beam is perpendicular to surface of skin
5
Clinical effects of electromagnetic radiation are determined by the radiations _______ and _______.
Frequency and wavelength
6
Which ranges can frequencies of clinical electromagnetic radiation be in?
IR, visible light, UV, shortwave, or microwave
7
Which ranges can be used to heat deep tissues?
Shortwave and microwave energy
8
Which types of electromagnetic energy causes non thermal effects?
UV radiation, low levels of pulsed diathermy or light
9
The first laser was made using _____ as the lasing medium.
Ruby
10
____ ______ introduced the concept of stimulated emission.
Albert Einstein
11
Light can stimulate ___ and ___ production within cells.
ATP and RNA
12
Laser and light therapy is also thought to enhance tissue healing by promoting _____ ______, likely by stimulating production of mRNA that codes for procollagen.
collagen production
13
Much like UV light from the sun, therapeutic laser light in the wavelengths of 405-670 nm (visible red to blue) can also ____ bacterial growth. (cause, or inhibit?)
inhibit
14
Some authors report that laser light can induce vaso_____, particularly of the microcirculation.
dilation
15
The increased activation of nervous tissue by laser light appeared to be more pronounced with which type of laser light? (red, blue, or IR)
red
16
Studies, review articles, and metaanalyses have be published concerning the use of (low or high)-level laser and light therapy to promote the healing of chronic and acute wounds in humans and animals.
low
17
True or False:
Laser and light therapy is used for the management of pain and dysfunction associated with arthritis?
True
18
True or False:
Laser and light therapy should NOT be used to effect lymphedema or modulate inflammation.
False
19
True or False:
Ongoing studies suggest an impact of laser light irradiation on nerve conduction, regeneration, function, and some other neurological conditions.
True
20
Many studies have found that laser and light therapy may (reduce, or cause) the PAIN and disability associated with a wide variety of neruromusculoskeletal conditions.
reduce
21
Both clinician and patient should wear _______(googles, mask, gown) during laser treatment, and the_______(googles, mask, gown) should be marked witht he range of wavelengths they block
goggles, goggles
22
Laser and light therapy _______(increase, decrease) blood flow and cellular energy production. These effects may_______(increase, decrease) the growth rate of metastasis of malignant tissue.
increase, increase
23
Lasers and light should not be applied to areas that have recently been exposed to ______(radiotherapy, heat, cold) because______(radiotherapy, heat, cold) increases tissue susceptibility to malignancy and burns.
radiotherapy, radiotherapy
24
Laser and light therapy are contraindicated in hemorrhaging regions because this intervention may cause_____(vasodilation, vasoconstriction) and thus______(increase, decrease) bleeding.
vasodilation, increase
25
True or false:
Light and laser therapy to the are of the thyroid gland can alter hormone levels and result in changes in serum concentrations of luthenizing hormones, follicle-stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, prolactin, testosterone, cortisol and aldosterone.
True
26
True or false:
The effects of light and laser therapy on fetal development, fertilization and epiphyseal plate growth or closure are not known.
True
27
which one does not belong in the list?
Precautions include:
low back pain during pregnancy
epiphysal plates in children
impaired sensation, mentation
photobia
pretreatment with photosensitizers
cryotherapy
cryotherapy
28
Other potential hazard of laser or light therapy is
______( burns, bruise)
burns
29
Red light is suitable for treating______(deep, superficial) tissue.
deep
30
