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Pathology II > LEC 13 - GI IV > Flashcards

LEC 13 - GI IV Flashcards

(47 cards)

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1
Q

How do animals become infected with Group A rotavirus?

A

Orally

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2
Q

What does Group A rotavirus target in the body?

A

villus enterocytes

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3
Q

What are clinical hallmarks of a Group A rotavirus infection?

A

Yellow-watery diarrhea

Dehydration

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4
Q

When are calves susceptible to Group A rotavirus?

A

first week of age

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5
Q

When are piglets susceptible to group A rotavirus infections?

A

First 7 weeks of life

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6
Q

What secretory enterotoxin is produced by Group A rotavirus?

A

NSP4

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7
Q

What is the pathogenesis of group A rotavirus infection?

A

Upper 2/3 of villi are affected

Necrosis of epithelium

Shortening + fusion of villi

Virus produces NSP4 increasing Cl- secretion

Blocks Na/Glu cotransporter

Malabsorptive + Secretory diarrhea

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8
Q

What is the pathogenesis of coronavirus enteritis?

A

Crypt epithelium can be hyperplastic + necrotic

Crypt abscesses form

Characterized by necrotic cellular debris dilating crypts

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9
Q

What animals are affected by adenoviral enteritis?

A

Cattle

Sheep

Pig

Goat

Ibex

Cervids

Horses

Breaded dragons

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10
Q

In Arabian horses what does adenovirus infections associate with?

A

Combined immunodeficiency

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11
Q

How is adenovirus transmitted?

A

Aerosol

Fomites

Feces

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12
Q

What cell type does adenovirus target?

A

Epithelium endothelium

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13
Q

What occurs to the villus with an adenovirus infection?

A

Loss

Villus blunting + Fusion

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14
Q

What are the histopathological signs of an adenovirus infection?

A

Basophilic to amphophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies

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15
Q

What animals are most affected by E. Coli?

A

Young Animals

Pigs + Calves

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16
Q
  • What are the determining factors that determine if an e. coli infection shows disease?
A

Genetic make-up

Passive transfer

Milk-associated antibodies

Environmental contamination/stressors

Concurrent infections

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17
Q

What are the five forms of e. coli?

A

ETEC

EIEC

EHEC

EPEC/AEEC

Edema disease

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18
Q

Describe: ETEC

A

Enterotoxic/enterotoxigenic

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19
Q

Describe: EIEC

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A

Specticemic/Enteroinvasive

20
Q

Describe: EHEC

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A

Enterohemorrhagic

21
Q

Describe: EPEC/AEEC

Study These Flashcards
A

Enteropathogenic/Attaching + Effacing

22
Q

Describe: Edema disease

Study These Flashcards
A

Enterotoxemic

23
Q

How do all e. coli attach to cells?

Study These Flashcards
A

Pili

– or –

Fimbriae

24
Q

What toxins do e. coli produce?

Study These Flashcards
A

Enterotoxin

– and –

Shigatoxin

25
What age is most affected by ETEC?
2 days to 3 weeks
26
What animals are most commonly infected by ETEC?
Calves Piglets
27
What does ETEC cause?
Secretory diarrhea
28
How does ETEC cause secretory diarrhea?
Endotoxin induced Na/Cl secretion into lumen by affecting cGMP and CGAMP dependent kinase
29
What animals are infected by EIEC?
Newborn calves + lambs Occasionally foals
30
What is the pathogenesis of EIEC?
Bacteria enter umbilicus + oral cavit + Respiratory Multisystemic inection Fibrin deposition + Neutrophilic inflammation
31
What animals are susceptible to edema disease?
Pigs Between 6 to 14 weeks Dietary changes at weaning
32
What does the bacteria responsible for edema disease produce?
Verotoxin
33
What is the characteristic signs of edema disease?
Neurologic signs Incoordination + Poor balance + Weakness + Tremors
34
What is the pathogenesis of Edema disease?
Bacteria proliferate in NI Produce angiotoxin Causes vascular endothelial injury of arteries Fluid loss + Edema
35
What is often the cause of EHEC infection?
Contaminated ground beef Not a naturally occurring disease
36
What is the pathogenesis of EHEC?
Bacteria produces a shiga-toxin Contains plasmid encoding for hemolysin Produces hemorrhagic colitis
37
What animals does EPEC/AEEC infect?
Rabbits Calves Pigs Lambs Dogs Humans
38
What gross lesions are present with EPEC/AEEC?
Dilated + Fluid filled intestinal tract
39
How does pathogenesis of EPEC/AAEC occur?
Intimin facilitates attachment to enterocytes Effacement of surface microvilli + alters tight junction proteins Loss of glycocalyx
40
What does EPEC/AAEC cause?
Maldigestion Malabsorption Diarrhea
41
What is the second most common food borne pathogen?
Salmonella Typhurium
42
What are the serovars of salmonella seen in animals?
Typhimurium Cholerasuis Enterica Dublin Typhosa
43
What are the three forms of salmonellosis?
Peracute Acute Chronic
44
What is different about Salmonella Typhimurium + Cholerasuis?
Produced toxins blocked closure of Cl channels Result in secretory diarrhea + malabsorption
45
What is the pathogenesis of a Salmonella infection?
Fecal-oral entry Survive phagosome environment by producing nitrate transporter Neutralizes NO Colonize regional lymph nodes Systemic
46
What toxins does Salmonella produce?
Enterotoxins Endotoxins Cytotoxins
47
What can cause Peracute Salmonella septicemia?
Cholerasuis

Pathology II (20 decks)

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