LEC 19 - Rabies + VSV

Question 1

What is seen upon PE in a ferret with rabies?

Answer 1

Torticollis

Dehydration

pale MM

Normal Temp

Weak pulse

Question 2

What are the non-infectious differientials for rabies?

Answer 2

Dehydration

Abdominal FB

Toxin

HBC

Question 3

What is the infectious differiential for rabies?

Answer 3

CDV

Question 4

What is submitted for rabies testing?

Answer 4

Head, chilled NOT FROZEN

Question 5

What is done to test for rabies?

Answer 5

FA

Impression of:

1. Midbrain
2. Cerebellum
3. Hippocampus

Question 6

What is the pre-exposure protocal for rabies prophylaxis?

Answer 6

3 vaccine series

Question 7

What is the post-exposure prophylaxis protocol?

Answer 7

Peripheral immunoglobulin injections

5 day booster vaccinations

Question 8

At what day are the rabies booster vaccinations given for post-exposure?

Answer 8

0

3

7

14

28

Question 9

What is the genomic charactersitics of Rabies?

Answer 9

Linear

(-) ssRNA

Question 10

How do rhabdoviruses enter the host cell?

Answer 10

G protein attaches to host receptors

Endocytosis

Vesicle fusion

Release into cytoplasm

mRNA transcription + replication

Virion formation

Budding

Question 11

What are the four groups in the rhabdovirus family?

Answer 11

Lyssa

Vesiculo

Ephemero

Novirrhabdo

Question 12

What are the two types of rabies?

Answer 12

Urban

Sylvatic

Question 13

What rabies type is most commonly seen today?

Answer 13

Sylvatic

Question 14

What are teh peripheral targets of rabies?

Answer 14

Salivary glands

Eye

Skin

Question 15

How does rabies pass through the body?

Answer 15

Peripheral exposure

Infection of nerve endings

Retrograde axonal transport to dorsal ganglion

Dissemination throughout CNS

Question 16

What are the four factors affected incubation period?

Answer 16

Host species

Virus strain

Dose exposure

Exposure site

Question 17

What is the general incubation peroid of rabies?

Answer 17

3 to 12 weeks

Question 18

What is the rate limiting step of rabies transmission?

Answer 18

Axonal transport

Longer the axon the longer it takes for rabies to spread

Question 19

What are the non-infectious differentials for a hypersalivating, anorexic cow?

Answer 19

Ketosis

FB

Toxicity

Trace mineral deficency

Question 20

What are the infectious causes of hypersalivation, anorexia in cows? (6)

Answer 20

Listeria

BVDV

BSE

Histophilus

Rabies

Pseudorabies

Question 21

What are the progressive neurological signs with rabies in a cow?

Answer 21

Stargzing

Ataxia

Difficulty rising

Question 22

What is seen upon histological examination of a rabies + cow?

Answer 22

Intraneuronal inclusion bodies

Question 23

What are the four types of clincal signs seen in rabies infections?

Answer 23

Predormal

Prodromal

Furious

Dumb

Question 24

Describe Dumb clinical signs of rabies

Answer 24

Weakness

Salivation

Difficult swallowing

Question 25

Describe furious clnical signs of rabies virus infection

Answer 25

Aggression Hyperexcitability Roaming Cats \> Dogs

Question 26

How is a diagnosis made for rabies virus?

Answer 26

Euthanasia or 10d isolation after early signs (ie bite)

Question 27

What pathology is seen histologically with rabies?

Answer 27

Non-suppurative encephalitis Perivascular lymphoid cuffing Intracytoplasmic IB

Question 28

What prevention is avalible for rabies?

Answer 28

Killed vaccine Given at 8 weeks - 1 yr

Question 29

What is the milwaukee protocol?

Answer 29

Induced coma = ketamine + midazolam Antivirals = Amantadine

Question 30

Rabies transmitted to humans most commonly via....

Answer 30

Dogs

Question 31

What is the post exposure protocol in vaccinated animals exposed to rabies?

Answer 31

Booster Outpatient monitoring for 45 days

Question 32

What is the rabies post-exposure protocol for an un-vaccinated animals?

Answer 32

EUTHANIZE or Long-term inpatient monitoring (6 months) Vaccination

Question 33

What are the non-infectious differientials for oral blisters in a horse?

Answer 33

Toxin Oral trauma

Question 34

What are the infectious differientials for oral blisters in a horse?

Answer 34

Vesticular stomatitis

Question 35

What is the diagnostic plan for oral blisters in a horse?

Answer 35

REPORTABLE Serology rtPCR

Question 36

What are the vectors for VSV?

Answer 36

Block flies Sand flies Culicoides

Question 37

What are the mechanical vectors of VSV?

Answer 37

Vets Feed/H2O

Question 38

What are the two major serogroups of VSV?

Answer 38

Indinana New Jersey

Question 39

What are the animals affected by VSV?

Answer 39

HORSES Cattle Pigs Camelids Ruminants Humans

Question 40

What are the infected tissues of VSV?

Answer 40

Oral mucosa Mammary glands Coronary bands Interdigital spaces

Question 41

What is the incubation peroid of VSV?

Answer 41

3 to 5 days

Question 42

What is the recovery period of VSV?

Answer 42

2 weeks

Question 43

What are the common clinical signs of VSV?

Answer 43

Vesicular lesions on tongue + oral cavity Hypersalivation + secondary infections Fever Coronary band lesion = lameness Teat lesions = mastitis

Question 44

What diagnostics can be done with VSV?

Answer 44

Serology Virus isolation rtPCR

Question 45

What must happen during the collection of possible VSV samples?

Answer 45

Must be collected/submitted by state or federal vet

Question 46

What is the quarantine period for animals with VSV?

Answer 46

30 days since last suspected case

Question 47

What is the treatment for VSV?

Answer 47

Palliative Focus on secondary infections Insect management

Question 48

How has VSV been used as a medical tool?

Answer 48

Vaccine development Cancer therapy Gene therapy - PD