Lec 31 Flashcards
(43 cards)
What is the function of the ovaries?
Primary sex organ that produce egg each month and sex hormones
What is the function of oviducts/fallopian tubes?
Conduct egg , site of fertilisation
What is the function of the uterus/womb ?
It houses developing embryo and fetus
it consists of endometrium , myometrium , premetrium
cervical cancer
What is the function of the vagina?
1- It receives the penis during copulation
2- serves as birth canal + exit for menstrual flow
Mitosis of primary Ogen occurs during ——— until——— ( peak of 7 million oocytes ) then ceases
Fetal life
Midgestion
The primary oocyte begins its first meiotic division in the ?
Utero
By puberty there are approximately —— oocytes only 400 follicles ovulate in women
400,000
At the time of ovulation, the primary oocyte completes ———— producing the ——— and a —— it’s arrests in metaphase of 2 meiotic division
the first meiotic division ( meiosis I )
first polar body
secondary oocyte
What causes completion of 2 meiotic division & expulsion of a second polar body ?
Sperm penetration / fertilisation
What happens before birth ?
Oogonium ( 2n ) undergoes mitosis so it becomes a primary oocyte ( 2n ) that arrests in prophase I
What happens after puberty ?
Primary oocyte continues meiosis-> turns into secondary oocyte with polar body ( 1n ) and arrests in metaphase II
Ovulation & sperm entry -> meiosis , fertilisation-> zygote ( 2n ) with polar body ( 1n )
What happens during the ovarian cycle?
1- follicular phase ( FSH dependent )
2- ovulation ( LH dependent )
3- luteal phase ( LH dependent )
Follicles are made up of ?
Oocyte & follicular cells
What is the function of follicular cells?
Differentiate to granulosa & thecal cells , producing female sex hormones & fluid
What is the result of changing levels of FSH and LH from the anterior pituitary ?
Changes in the ovary
The CNS lets the hypothalamus produce —— which produces FSH and LH in the anterior pituitary
GnRH
When the anterior pituitary produces FSH it goes to the ——— , which produces —— & ——
Granulosa cell
Progestins
Estrogens
When the anterior pituitary produces LH it goes to the —— , which produces ——
Thecal cell
Estrogens
When the estrogen produced from the granulosa cell and thecal cell , go to the anterior pituitary / hypothalamus , to ————
Decrease / increase LH secretion
When the thecal cell receives LH it either produces —— or —— , which go to granulosa cell to inhibin FSH secretion from the anterior pituitary
Estrogens
Androgens
The menstrual cycle include 2 cycles :
1- ovarian cycle { follicular phase , ovulation , luteal phase }
2- endometrial cycle { proliferative phase , secretory phase , menstruation }
When does proliferative phase occur ?
During: Ovarian follicular phase
What stage happens before the proliferative phase ?
menstruation ( menses phase ) happens
What happens during the proliferative phase?
Increase in estradiol -> stimulates growth/proliferation of stratum functionale of endometrium
