Lecture 1

Question 1

What it the cell theory?

Answer 1

Cells are the basic unit of life, all living things are made of cells and cells arise from preexisting cells.

Question 2

What explains the continuity of life?

Answer 2

The molecular basis of inheritance (information required for the functioning of the cell found in DNA)

Question 3

What is the relationship between the structure and the function?

Answer 3

The function of a macromolecule is the dependent on their structure.

Question 4

Living systems?

Answer 4

They exist in non equilibrium state (far from the thermodynamic equilibrium) and they are open.

Question 5

What is the function of enzymes?

Answer 5

They catalyze cellular reactions.

Question 6

What explains the unity of living systems?

Answer 6

Evolutionary conservation

Question 7

What dictates the expression of genetic information?

Answer 7

cell receptors

Question 8

maintains the structural integrity of the cell

Answer 8

cytoplasmic membrane

Question 9

Nucleus?

Answer 9

filled with chromatin, packed DNA.

Question 10

Darker region of the nucleus, contains the genes necessary for the transcription of rRNA and production of ribosomes

Answer 10

nucleolus

Question 11

Biological membrane that envelops and contains the nuclear matter

Answer 11

nuclear envelope

Question 12

nuclear pores?

Answer 12

Pores in the nuclear membrane that allow the passage of material from the cytoplasm to the nucleus abd vice-versa.

Question 13

Ribosomes?

Answer 13

protein factories of the cell

Question 14

comprised of the nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, lysozomes, vacuoles and microbodies

Answer 14

endomembrane system

Question 15

Rough ER?

Answer 15

ribosomes, site of protein synthesis, site of protein glycosylation

Question 16

Smooth ER?

Answer 16

site of carbs, steroid hormone and lipid synthesis

Question 17

golgi complex?

Answer 17

comprised of ind. sacs called cisternae, collect, package, sort and distribute molecules within and outside the cell (moving from cis to trans)

Question 18

contain disgestive enzymes that can degrade proteins, lipids and carbs at a rapid rate ( used in defense against pathogens)

Answer 18

lysosomes

Question 19

enzyme bearing membrane bound vesicles (ex. peroxisomes)

Answer 19

microbodies

Question 20

what is surrounded by tonoplast?

Answer 20

vacuoles

Question 21

water exchange and controls tonicity in cell

Answer 21

vacuoles

Question 22

metabolize sugar to produce ATP

Answer 22

mitochondria

Question 23

endosymbiotic theory?

Answer 23

yes I know it