lecture 1 commonly missed

Question 1

largest microbes?

Answer 1

protozoa and fungi

Question 2

helmiths are partof the ____ kingdom

Answer 2

animal

Question 3

which microbe is not free living

Answer 3

virus

Question 4

outer lipoprotein membrane are on some______

Answer 4

viruses

Question 5

viruese can be spread by:

Answer 5

Inhaled droplets
food/water
Infected host
Bites from arthropods

Question 6

rhinovirus and flu virus are spread by

Answer 6

droplets

Question 7

hep A and norovirus are spread

Answer 7

in food or water

Question 8

hep B and HIV are spread by

Answer 8

direct transfer from other infected hosts

Question 9

yellow fever and west nile virus are spredad by

Answer 9

bites from vector arthropods

Question 10

direct inoculation

Answer 10

injections, trauma, insect bites

Question 11

how does the flu get into the body

Answer 11

sialic acid receptors on lung epithelia cells and URT

Question 12

how does the rabies get into the body

Answer 12

ACh receptor via neuronal adhesion molecule

Question 13

how does the HIV get into the body

Answer 13

CD4, CCR5, CXCR4

Question 14

how does the EBV get into the body

Answer 14

C3d receptor on b cells

Question 15

how does the HPV get into the body

Answer 15

P antigen, Ku80

Question 16

how does hep C get into the body

Answer 16

cell surface glycosaminoglycans

Question 17

how does the human rhinoviruses get into the body

Answer 17

CAM 1 or VLDL R

Question 18

Timothy brown

Answer 18

Had HIV and leukemia
Got treated with BM transplant for leukemia and donor cells had a CCR5-D32 mutation
He was then HIV negative

Question 19

when is virus no longer infective

Answer 19

when in hosts cytoplasm

Question 20

Effects of viral infection in host cell

Answer 20

lysis/death
Fusion of cells
No change
Malignant transformation

Question 21

nucleus of a prok

Answer 21

nucleoid

Question 22

extrachromosomal dna in bacteria

Answer 22

plasmids

Question 23

c diphtheria inhibits

Answer 23

protein synthesis

Question 24

v cholerae causes

Answer 24

hyperactivation

Question 25

c tetani and botulism effect

Answer 25

nerve muscle transmission

Question 26

fever and hypotension

Answer 26

lipid A

Question 27

Prevents phagocytosis and mediates adherence

Answer 27

capsule

Question 28

Determines virulence (severity of disease)

Answer 28

capsule

Question 29

Mediate attachment and resist phagocytosis

Answer 29

pili

Question 30

Staphylococcus epidermidis and viridans streptococci cause

Answer 30

endocarditis

Question 31

spores are on

Answer 31

gram + rods

Question 32

fungi have a Thick carb wall with

Answer 32

glucans and chitin

Question 33

EX: candida, aspergillus, mucor, saccharomyces cerevisiae

Answer 33

fungi

Question 34

fungi grow as

Answer 34

filamentous/hyphae or yeasts/ circles

Question 35

on body surfaces; tinea pedis (athletes foot) vaginal candidiasis (thrush)

Answer 35

Superficial/cutaneous mycoses

Question 36

nails and deeper layers of skin; mycetoma (madura foot) and sporotrichosis

Answer 36

Subcutaneous mycoses

Question 37

involve internal organs and are opportunistic fungi so they infect immunocompromised; histoplasmosis and systemic candidiasis

Answer 37

Deep/systemic mycoses

Question 38

Prevalent in tropical or subtropical regions

Answer 38

protozoa

Question 39

Plasmodium and leishmania- insect transmitted | Toxoplasma- in utero

Answer 39

intracellular parasites of protozoa

Question 40

blood, intestine, genitourinary system | Transmitted via contaminated food or water EXCEPT: trichomonas vaginalis and trypanosomes (via insect vectors)

Answer 40

extracellular parasites of protozoa

Question 41

4 groups of Protozoa

Answer 41

Sarcodina (amoebas) Sporozoa (sporozoans) Mastigophora (flagellates) Ciliata (ciliates)

Question 42

Praziquantel/biltricide

Answer 42

treats worm/schistocyte infections

Question 43

carrier state orgs

Answer 43

Streptococcus pneumoniae- pneumonia | Neisseria meningitidis- meningitis

Question 44

MC sexually transmitted; rarely via urine

Answer 44

UTI

Question 45

potential pathogen carriers childbreaing

Answer 45

group b strep and c albicans

Question 46

potential pathogen carriers skin

Answer 46

staph aureus

Question 47

potential pathogen carriers nasopharynx

Answer 47

strep pneumoniae, n meningidis, h flu, group a strep, staph aureus

Question 48

potential pathogen carriers, stomach and SI

Answer 48

none

Question 49

potential pathogen carriers colon

Answer 49

e coli, bacteroides frigilis, pseudomonas, candida, clostridium

Question 50

potential pathogen carriers prepubertal and postmenopausal

Answer 50

c albicans

Question 51

one would prob get HSV or pparamyxavirus as

Answer 51

a child

Question 52

one would prob get cmv or ebv

Answer 52

as a adult

Question 53

streptobacillus moniliformis is in

Answer 53

rat saliva

Question 54

blood transmission

Answer 54

needle, arthropod, mother/fetus

Question 55

megakaryocytes are immature

Answer 55

plateltes

Question 56

lymphoid progenitor cells

Answer 56

B cells, T cells, NK cells

Question 57

cross reactivity

Answer 57

he was exposed to cowpox and was immune to that as well as smallpox

Question 58

edward jenner discovered the

Answer 58

smallpox vaccine

Question 59

drugs used to treat bacterial infections in order

Answer 59

penecillin, cephalosporins, vancomycin (when cant use others)

Question 60

antimicrobial drugs

Answer 60

penecillins, cephalosporings, tetracyclines, aminoglycosdes, macrolides, fluoroquinolones