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Bacteriology > Lecture 12 - Helmiths > Flashcards

Lecture 12 - Helmiths Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 main types of helminths?

A

Nematodes (round worms), Cestodes (tapeworms), Trematodes (flukes)

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2
Q

What are the physical characteristics of nematodes

A

Circular

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3
Q

What are the physical characteristics of cestodes

A

Flat and segmented

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4
Q

What are the physical characteristics of trematodes

A

Flat and unsugmented

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5
Q

What are the types of intestinal nematodes?

A 
Enterobius vermicularis
Ascaris lumbricoides
Trichuris trichiura 
Intestinal hookworm
Ancyclostoma brasiliense
Strongyloides stercoralis
Anisakis spp.
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6
Q

Common name for enterobius vermicularis

A

CHILD BUTT WORM

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7
Q

Where does E. vermicularis live?

A

In da secum

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8
Q

Why is E. vermicularis usually not a large problem

A

Eggs implanted on the anus are usually washed away when bathing

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9
Q

What is the most common intestinal nematode?

A

E. vermicularis

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10
Q

What is the size of Ascaris lumbricoides

A

THEY ARE HUGE

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11
Q

What causes ascaris lumbricoides to move out the nose/mouth and/or anus?

A

Fever and anethestics

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12
Q

Why do we not see egg excretion for ascaris lumbricoides?

A

Only males infest us

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13
Q

What can be a major concern for those infected with ascaris lumbricoides?

A

Migration to bile duct, pancreas or appendix causing obstruction

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14
Q

What is the more common name for trichuris trichiura?

A

Whipworm

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15
Q

What is caused by whipworm

A

Rectal prolapse?

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16
Q

Symptoms of trichuris dysentery syndrome?

A

Anemia, rectal prolapse, finger clubbing and growth stunting

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17
Q

What are the two types of intestinal hookworms?

A

Ancylostoma duodenale and Necater americanus

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18
Q

How are intestinal hookworms acquired?

A

Through invasion through the skin. Usually feet (barefoot)

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19
Q

How do hookworms go form your foot to your intestine?

A

Skin -> lungs -> coughs up -> ingested

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20
Q

How are hookworms diagnosed?

A

By blood testing for anemia

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21
Q

What do hookworms do in the intestine?

A

Attach to intestinal villi and suck ur fuggin blood

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22
Q

What is the only worm that can reproduce inside your body?

A

Strongyloides stercoralis

23
Q

How is Strongyloides stercoralis contracted?

A

Through barefoot intrustion

24
Q

What are the types of tissue nematodes?

A

Trichinella spiralis
Subcutaneous filariasis
Dracunculus medinesis

25
Q

How is trichinella spiralis contracted?

A

From undercooked meat

26
Q

What does trichinella spiralis cause…

A

“PERIORBITAL EDEMA” - swollen eyes

27
Q

How is trichinella spiralis diagnosed?

A

Muscle biopsy

28
Q

What is the more common name for subcutaneous filariasis?

A

River Blindness

29
Q

How is river blindness contracted?

A

Transmitted by black flies

30
Q

What is the more common name for dracunculus medinesis?

A

Guinea worm

31
Q

How is guinea worm contracted?

A

Infected water (able to penetrate skin!!)

32
Q

Where does the guinea worm migrate?

A

Legs and feet

33
Q

Wuchereria bancrofti is what type of parasite?

A

Lymphatic filariasis

34
Q

How is Wuchereria bancrofti transmitted?

A

Mosqitos

35
Q

What is a typical symptom of Wuchereria bancrofti

A

Elephantiasis -> major malformations

36
Q

What are the types of cestodes?

A

Hymenolepis nana
Taenia saginata
Taenia solium
Diphyllobothrium latum

37
Q

What is the most common cestode?

A

Hymenolepis nana

38
Q

What is a more common name for Hymenolepis nana

A

Dwarf tape worm

39
Q

How do we contact Hymenolepis nana

A

By ingesting the eggs

40
Q

What are the symptoms of Hymenolepis nana

A

Assymptomatic

41
Q

How do we diagnose Hymenolepis nana

A

Visible eggs in stool

42
Q

What is another name for taenia saginata

A

Beef tape worm

43
Q

What is unique about taenia saginata?

A

Worm is motile and segmented so that it can get into the cow

44
Q

What is another name for taenia solium

A

Pork Tape Worm

45
Q

What is unique about taenia SOLIUM?

A

Not motile or segmented as pigs eat their own shit

46
Q

What is a common name for diphyllobothrium latum

A

Fish tape worm

47
Q

What is a common result of diphyllobothrium latum

A

Enemia

48
Q

What are the types of trematodes?

A

Parasonimus Westermani

Schistosomiasis Acute Phase

49
Q

How do we contract parasonimus westermani?

A

By eating undercooked crabs or crayfish

50
Q

What area of the body does parasonimus westermani infect?

A

The lungs

51
Q

What is the reason for the most common cause of hemoptysis (blood cough)

A

parasonimus westermani

52
Q

What is a more common name for Schistosomiasis Acute Phase

A

swimmers itch

53
Q

What are the two types of Schistosomiasis Acute Phase

A

S, mansoni - intestinal

S. haematobium - bladder

Bacteriology (13 decks)

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