Lecture 12 - Helmiths

Question 1

What are the 3 main types of helminths?

Answer 1

Nematodes (round worms), Cestodes (tapeworms), Trematodes (flukes)

Question 2

What are the physical characteristics of nematodes

Answer 2

Circular

Question 3

What are the physical characteristics of cestodes

Answer 3

Flat and segmented

Question 4

What are the physical characteristics of trematodes

Answer 4

Flat and unsugmented

Question 5

What are the types of intestinal nematodes?

Answer 5

Enterobius vermicularis
Ascaris lumbricoides
Trichuris trichiura 
Intestinal hookworm
Ancyclostoma brasiliense
Strongyloides stercoralis
Anisakis spp.

Question 6

Common name for enterobius vermicularis

Answer 6

CHILD BUTT WORM

Question 7

Where does E. vermicularis live?

Answer 7

In da secum

Question 8

Why is E. vermicularis usually not a large problem

Answer 8

Eggs implanted on the anus are usually washed away when bathing

Question 9

What is the most common intestinal nematode?

Answer 9

E. vermicularis

Question 10

What is the size of Ascaris lumbricoides

Answer 10

THEY ARE HUGE

Question 11

What causes ascaris lumbricoides to move out the nose/mouth and/or anus?

Answer 11

Fever and anethestics

Question 12

Why do we not see egg excretion for ascaris lumbricoides?

Answer 12

Only males infest us

Question 13

What can be a major concern for those infected with ascaris lumbricoides?

Answer 13

Migration to bile duct, pancreas or appendix causing obstruction

Question 14

What is the more common name for trichuris trichiura?

Answer 14

Whipworm

Question 15

What is caused by whipworm

Answer 15

Rectal prolapse?

Question 16

Symptoms of trichuris dysentery syndrome?

Answer 16

Anemia, rectal prolapse, finger clubbing and growth stunting

Question 17

What are the two types of intestinal hookworms?

Answer 17

Ancylostoma duodenale and Necater americanus

Question 18

How are intestinal hookworms acquired?

Answer 18

Through invasion through the skin. Usually feet (barefoot)

Question 19

How do hookworms go form your foot to your intestine?

Answer 19

Skin -> lungs -> coughs up -> ingested

Question 20

How are hookworms diagnosed?

Answer 20

By blood testing for anemia

Question 21

What do hookworms do in the intestine?

Answer 21

Attach to intestinal villi and suck ur fuggin blood

Question 22

What is the only worm that can reproduce inside your body?

Answer 22

Strongyloides stercoralis

Question 23

How is Strongyloides stercoralis contracted?

Answer 23

Through barefoot intrustion

Question 24

What are the types of tissue nematodes?

Answer 24

Trichinella spiralis
Subcutaneous filariasis
Dracunculus medinesis

Question 25

How is trichinella spiralis contracted?

Answer 25

From undercooked meat

Question 26

What does trichinella spiralis cause...

Answer 26

"PERIORBITAL EDEMA" - swollen eyes

Question 27

How is trichinella spiralis diagnosed?

Answer 27

Muscle biopsy

Question 28

What is the more common name for subcutaneous filariasis?

Answer 28

River Blindness

Question 29

How is river blindness contracted?

Answer 29

Transmitted by black flies

Question 30

What is the more common name for dracunculus medinesis?

Answer 30

Guinea worm

Question 31

How is guinea worm contracted?

Answer 31

Infected water (able to penetrate skin!!)

Question 32

Where does the guinea worm migrate?

Answer 32

Legs and feet

Question 33

Wuchereria bancrofti is what type of parasite?

Answer 33

Lymphatic filariasis

Question 34

How is Wuchereria bancrofti transmitted?

Answer 34

Mosqitos

Question 35

What is a typical symptom of Wuchereria bancrofti

Answer 35

Elephantiasis -> major malformations

Question 36

What are the types of cestodes?

Answer 36

Hymenolepis nana Taenia saginata Taenia solium Diphyllobothrium latum

Question 37

What is the most common cestode?

Answer 37

Hymenolepis nana

Question 38

What is a more common name for Hymenolepis nana

Answer 38

Dwarf tape worm

Question 39

How do we contact Hymenolepis nana

Answer 39

By ingesting the eggs

Question 40

What are the symptoms of Hymenolepis nana

Answer 40

Assymptomatic

Question 41

How do we diagnose Hymenolepis nana

Answer 41

Visible eggs in stool

Question 42

What is another name for taenia saginata

Answer 42

Beef tape worm

Question 43

What is unique about taenia saginata?

Answer 43

Worm is motile and segmented so that it can get into the cow

Question 44

What is another name for taenia solium

Answer 44

Pork Tape Worm

Question 45

What is unique about taenia SOLIUM?

Answer 45

Not motile or segmented as pigs eat their own shit

Question 46

What is a common name for diphyllobothrium latum

Answer 46

Fish tape worm

Question 47

What is a common result of diphyllobothrium latum

Answer 47

Enemia

Question 48

What are the types of trematodes?

Answer 48

Parasonimus Westermani | Schistosomiasis Acute Phase

Question 49

How do we contract parasonimus westermani?

Answer 49

By eating undercooked crabs or crayfish

Question 50

What area of the body does parasonimus westermani infect?

Answer 50

The lungs

Question 51

What is the reason for the most common cause of hemoptysis (blood cough)

Answer 51

parasonimus westermani

Question 52

What is a more common name for Schistosomiasis Acute Phase

Answer 52

swimmers itch

Question 53

What are the two types of Schistosomiasis Acute Phase

Answer 53

S, mansoni - intestinal | S. haematobium - bladder