Lecture 16 Flashcards
(17 cards)
How do people attribute emotions to animals?
Found that almost all owners reported primary emotions occurring.
What is heuristic anthropomorphism?
A blend of behavioral science and biological knowledge to make informed interpretations.
What is the difference between emotions and affect in animals?
Emotions are defined as internal responses to environmental stimuli, expressed through observable behavior and physiology changes.
Affect encompasses broad internal states, including personality traits, moods, and emotions.
Affect is categorized by…
valence.
What was the setup for the sea lion study?
Neutral tone + startle pulse was meant to create a conditioned fear response.
What happened in the end with the sea lion study?
- Startle sounds alone were effective.
- Conditioned stimuli had minimal effect, and in some cases reduced the overall fear response.
What did the sea lion study show?
Fear is dynamic, not static.
How did they test if dogs get jealous?
Had owners either play with a realistic stuffed dog, a novel object or a book (control).
What were the results of the jealous dogs test?
Dogs snapped at the owners when they were playing with the fake dog.
What’s some evidence that elephants show grief?
- Elephants touch, muzzle, and linger around the body of a deceased elephant.
- Animals will return to the place where an individual dies, up to years later.
- Withdrawal and decreased play in juveniles after a family member dies.
Play in animals indicates capacity for _____________________
positive emotion.
What’s some evidence that dolphins feel joy?
They produce a “victory squeal” when they’d succeed at a task.
More burst pulses were produced before the trainer’s bridge signal (a cue marking a correct response), rather than after.
What are some caveats to animal studies?
They’re taken out of their natural habitat and no interacting with each other.
What is the framework for how we study animals in lab?
Emotions require:
- Arousal/not aroused
- Persistence
- Valence
- Intensity.
When was the first time we heard that fear is correlated with the amygdala?
When someone didn’t have a fear response after it was removed.
The more neurons firing, the more _____________ the emotion.
intense
Stimulus -> _________________ -> motor -> emotional behavioral response.
specific cell in region
