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CAPS391 Winter 2023 > Lecture 16: Skeletal Muscles II (Trunk) > Flashcards

Lecture 16: Skeletal Muscles II (Trunk) Flashcards

1
Q

describe the origin, insertion, and innervation of Trapezius? is it ex or intrinsic

A

extrinsic (superficial)

origin: EOP& spinous processes of all cervical and thoracic vertebrae

insertion: upper fibres reach clavicle and acromion. lower fibres insert to spine of scapula

fxn: lower fibres depress scapula. middle fibres retract scapula.

nerve supply: CNXI

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2
Q

describe the origin, insertion, and innervation of Levator Scapulae?? is it extrinsic or intrinsic

A

Extrinsic (superifical)

origin: transverse processes of cervical vertebrae
insertion: superior angle scapula
fxn: elevate scapula
nerve supply: brachail plexus

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3
Q

describe the origin, insertion, and innervation of rhomboid minor and major? are they extrinsic or intrinsic?

A

extrinsic (superficial)

origin: spinous processes of upper thoracic vertebrae
insertion: medial border of scapula
fxn: elevation & retraction of scapula
innervated by: brachial plexus

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4
Q

what is the difference btw extrinsic and intrinsic muscles?

A

ex: origin and insertion in different regions
in: origin and insertion in same region

superficial and intermediate layers= extrinsic

deep layers = intrinsic

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5
Q

label:

A

1: trapezius
2:levator scapulae
3: rhomboid minor
4: rhomboid major

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6
Q

describe the origin, insertion, and innervation of latissimus dorsi?? is it extrinsic or intrinsic

A

origin: spinous processes of lower thoracic & all lumbar vertebrae & sacrum & ileum

insertion: intertubercular groove

fxn: prime mover for extension of shoulder.
can do medial rotation and adduction of shoulder

innervated: brachial plexus

extrinsic (sueprficial)

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7
Q

what muscle is this

A

lattissimus dorsi

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8
Q

what are the 3 groups of deep layer muscles in the trunk

A
  1. erector spinae
  2. transversospinalis
  3. segmentals
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9
Q

describe the origin, insertion, and innervation of erector spinae muscles?? is it extrinsic or intrinsic
list the 3 muscles in this group

A

3 muscles= spinalis (most medial), longissimus, iliocostalis (most lateral)

fxn: erect/extend spine and stabilize vertebrae
complicated origin/insertion. JUST KNOW they attach to vertebrae and ribs, can extend spine

innervate: posterior rami of spinal nerve

intrinsic (deep)

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10
Q

describe the origin, insertion, and innervation of transversospinalis?? is it extrinsic or intrinsic
list the 3 muscles in this group

A

muscles: semispinalis, rotatores (smallest, r) and multifidus

intrinsic (deep)

attachment/origin: run obliquely btw transverse and spinous processes

innvervated: dorsal rami of spinal nerves

fxn: rotatino of spine and stabilization of vertebrae

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11
Q

describe the origin, insertion, and innervation of Segmentals?? is it extrinsic or intrinsic
list the 2 muscles in this group

A

run btw segments of vertebrae. btw spinous OR transverse processes of adjacent vertebrae

  1. intertransversarii: btw 2 adj. transverse
    processes, help with side flexion and stabilizes vertebrae
  2. interspinales- run btw 2 spinous process. help with extension and stbailize

innvervated: dorsal rami

intrinsic (deep)

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12
Q

label 1-3. what muscle group are these

A
  1. spinalis
  2. longissimus
  3. iliocostalis

= erector spinae

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13
Q

what muscle group are these
1. semispinalis
2. rotatores
3. multifidus

A
  1. semispinalis
  2. rotatores
  3. multifidus

= transversospinalis

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14
Q

label 1 and 2. what muscle group are they from?

what is 3? what group?

A
  1. intertransversarii
  2. interspinales
    = segmentals
  3. rotatores (part of transversospinalis)
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15
Q

describe the origin, insertion, and innervation of pectoralis major?? is it extrinsic or intrinsic

A

origin: clavicle, sternum, upper 6 costal cartilaes
insertion: lateral tip of intertubercular groove (shoulder)
fxn: medial rotation, horizontal adduction (prime mover)
nerve supply: brachial plexus

extrinsic

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16
Q

what muscle is this

A

pectoralis major

17
Q

describe the origin, insertion, and innervation of serratus anterior?? is it extrinsic or intrinsic

A

origin: first 8/9 ribs. fibres wrap around torso
insertion: medial border scapula
fxn: press scapula against thorax (stabilizes scapula) and prime mover for upward rotation of shoulder

nerve supply: brachial plexus

extrinsic

18
Q

what muscle is this

A

serratus anterior

19
Q

describe the intrinsic intercostal muscles?

A

3 layers: external, internal, innermost intercostal
run btw adjacent ribs
contract = bring ribs together
involved in forced inspiration

innervated by intercostal nerves (ventral rami of thoracic spinal nerves)

20
Q

label

A
  1. external intercostal
  2. internal intercostal
  3. innermost intercostal
21
Q

what are the origins of diaphragm

A
  1. xiphoid process
  2. lumbar vertebrae
  3. costal cartilage
22
Q

fxn diaphragm

A

contraction brings down central tendon, during inhalation. compresses abdominal viscera (increases pressure)

23
Q

nerve supply diaphragm

A

phrenic nerve

24
Q

insertion diaphragm

A

central tendon

25
Q

what are the 3 openings labelled in diaphragm

A
  1. inferior vena cava
  2. esophagus
  3. aorta
26
Q

label

A
  1. central tendon (insertion )
  2. xiphoid process (origin)
  3. costal cartilage (origin)
  4. lumbar vertebrae (origin)
27
Q

what muscles are in the anterolateral group?

A
  1. external oblique
  2. internal oblique
  3. transversus abdominus
  4. rectus abdominis
28
Q

fxn/insertion/innervation External oblique

A

origin: lower ribs.
fibres continuous with aponeurosis tendon. lower border turns into ingeunal ligament. aponeurosis attaches muscle to insertion, which is linea alba tendon.

fxn: *** MOVES ORIGIN, not insertion. moves ribs/torso toward midline “contralateral rotation

nerve: lower 6 intercostal nerve

29
Q

fxn/insertion/innervation internal oblique

A

origin: ilium
insertion: lower ribs and linea alba
fxn: moves linea alba and ribs toward origin (ilium) = ipsilateral rotation

nerve: lower 6 intercostal nerves

30
Q

fxn/insertion/innervation transversus abdominus

A

origin: lower ribs and ilium, turns into aponeurosis
insertion: linea alba
fxn: compress abdo viscera, increase pressure
nerve: lower 6 intercostal nerves

31
Q

fxn/insertion/innervation rectus abdominis

A

origin: pubic bone
insertion: xiphoid process and costal cartilage
fxn: flexion torso, priem mover
divided into tendinous intersections

nerve: lower 6 intercostal nerves

32
Q

label

A
  1. linea alba
  2. tendinous intersection
  3. external oblique
  4. aponeurosis
  5. inguinal ligament
    6.internal oblique
  6. transversus abdominus
  7. rectus abdominis
33
Q

label

A

A. Levator Ani
B. Perineal Muscles

34
Q

what is this triangle called? what are the upper and lower divisions? what do the 4 blue dots represent

A

= perineum

top triangle= urogenital
bottom: anotriangle

top blue dot= pubic symphysis
bottom= coccyx??
sides= ischial tuberosity

35
Q

fxn of Levator ani muscles

A

= part of pelvic diaphragm
lift anal canal and support weight of pubic viscera
innervated by sacral plexus

36
Q

what are the 3 muscle groups of the pelvic region and their components?

A
  1. Pelvic Wall Muscles
  2. Pelvic Diaphragm: levitor ani and coccygeus
  3. perineal muscles
37
Q

fxn of perineal muscles

A

reinforce diaphragm
innervated by pudendal nerve (sacral plexus)
make anus and urethra sphincters

38
Q

what is the pelvic diaphragm defect?

A

L and R half cannot touch anteriorly bc of the three openings

therefore we have one more layer of muscles = perineal

CAPS391 Winter 2023 (29 decks)

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