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CAPS391 Winter 2023 > Lecture 17: Skeletal Muscles Upper Limb > Flashcards

Lecture 17: Skeletal Muscles Upper Limb Flashcards

1
Q

what muscle is shown in this anterior view? Describe origin, isnertion, fxn, innervation

A
  1. Lesser tubercle of humerus
    2.subscapularis
    origin: subscapular fossa
    insertion: lesser tubercle humerus
    fxn: prime mover for medial rotation of shoulder
    nerve: Brachial plexus (subscapular nerve)
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2
Q

what muscle is prime mover for medial rotation of shoulder

A

subscapularis

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3
Q

label

A
  1. spine of scapula
  2. supraspinatus
  3. greater tubercle of humerus
  4. infraspinatus
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4
Q

origin/insertion/fxn/nerve of supraspinatus

A

origin: supraspinous fossa
insertion: greater tubercle humerus
fxn: prime mover for first 30 degree of abduction glenohumeral joint
nerve: subscapular nerve (brachial)

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5
Q

origin/insertion/fxn/nerve of infraspinatus

A

origin:infraspinous fossa
insertion: greater tubercle humerus
fxn: prime mover for lateral rotation shoulder
nerve: subscapular nerve (brachial)

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6
Q

origin/insertion/fxn/nerve of deltoid

A

origin: clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula
insertion: bony elevation at midpoint lateral shaft humerus (deltoid tuberosity)
fxn: prime mover for abduction from 30-90 degrees
nerve: auxillary branch brahcial plexus

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7
Q
A
  1. deltoid
  2. claavicle
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8
Q

what muscle is prime mover for abduction shoulder joint first 30 degrees? btw 30-90 degrees?

A

first 30= supraspinatus
30-90= deltoid

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9
Q

prime mover for medial rotation shoulder?

A

subscapularis

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10
Q

prime mover for lateral rotation shoulder?

A

infraspinatus

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11
Q

general fxn of posterior vs anterior compartment of arm

A

posterior= extensor compartment (extension elbow, radial nerve)

anterior= flexor compartment (flexion of shoulder, elbow. innervated by musculocutaneous)

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12
Q

what separates the posterior and anterior arm

A

intermuscular septum
= dense connective tissue

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13
Q

fxn/origin/insertion/nerve Biceps

A

fxn: flexion shoulder and elbow and PRIME mover for supination forearm
origin: long head-supraglenoid tubercle of scapula. short head- coracoid process of scapula
insertion: radial tuberosity
nerve: musculocutaneous

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14
Q

prime mover for supination?

A

biceps

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15
Q

origin/insertion/fxn/nerve for brachialis?

A

origin: shaft humerur
insert: ulnar tuberosity
fxn: flexion elbow (prime mover)
nerve: musculocutaneous

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16
Q

prime mover for elbow flexion

A

brachialis

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17
Q

what muscle is this? label componenets

A

biceps brachii
1. long head
2. short head

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18
Q

what msucle?

A

brachialis

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19
Q

what are the three branches of triceps brachii?

A
  1. lateral head
    origin== lateral shaft humerus
  2. long head
    origin= infraglenoid scapula
  3. medial head
    origin= medial shaft humerus

insertion: olecranon fossa
fxn: prime mover extension elbow
nerve: radial

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20
Q

what is origin, insert, fxn, nerve triceps brachii?

A
  1. lateral head
    origin== lateral shaft humerus
  2. long head
    origin= infraglenoid scapula
  3. medial head
    origin= medial shaft humerus

insertion: olecranon fossa
fxn: prime mover extension elbow
nerve: radial

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21
Q

prime mover extension elbow

A

triceps brachii

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22
Q

what msucle? label

A

triceps brachii

  1. lateral head
  2. long head
  3. medial head
  4. olecranon process of ulna
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23
Q

what are two compartments of forearm

A

anterior: flexor wrist, fingers
posterior: extensor wrist, fingers

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24
Q

origin/insertion/fxn/nerve Pronator teres

A

origin:medial epicondyle
insert: shaft radius
fxn: pronation forearm
nerve: median

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25
Q

origin/insertion/fxn/nerve flexor carpi radialis

A

origin: medial epicondyle
insert: 2nd and 3rd metacarpal bones
fxn: flexion wrist/elbow
nerve: median nerve

26
Q

what is flexor retinaculum

A

a fibrous connective tissue band that forms the anterior roof of the carpal tunnel

holds tendons in place

27
Q

label/ what group is this?

A
  1. medial epicondyle
  2. pronator teres
  3. flexor carpi radialis
  4. flexor retinaculum

= anterior compartment of forearm mscules

28
Q

what is the common flexor tendon?

A

tendon of medial epicondyle which is common origin of anterior forearm muscles

29
Q

what is common extensor tendon

A

tendon of lateral epicondyule which is common origin of posterior forearm muscles

30
Q

describe fxn/origin/insertion/innervation of flexor digitorum superficialis

A

intermediate layer

fxn: flex digits
origin: common flexor tendon
insertion: phalanges (4 tendons)
fxn: flexion wrist/digits (except distal phalanges). flexes MCP, PIP
innervation: median

31
Q

label. what layer of forearm muscle is this?

A

top: flexor digitorum superficialis

bottom: tendon of FDS

itnermediate!

32
Q

describe fxn/origin/insertion/innervation of flexor digitorum profundus

A

origin: ulna
insert: distl phalanges of medial 4 digits
fxn: flex wrist, MCP, PIP, DIP (Prime mover)
nerve: ulnar/median

33
Q

describe fxn/origin/insertion/innervation of flexor pollicis longus

A

origin: radius
insertion: distal phalanx thumb
fxn: prime mover flexion thumb
nerve: median

34
Q

what is prime mover for wrist, MCP, PIP, DIP flexion?

A

flexor digitorum profundus

35
Q

what is prime mover flexion thumb

A

flexor pollicis longus

36
Q

label. what layer of forearm muscle is this

A

anterior, deep

top left: flexor pollicis longus
right: flexor digitorum profundus
bottom; tendon of FDP

37
Q

what compartment of forearm muscle does brachioradialis belong to

A

POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT BC OF INNERVATION (radial nerve)

38
Q

describe fxn/origin/insertion/innervation of brachiradialis?

A

origin: humerus
insert: styloid process radius
crosses elbow anteriorly, therfore flexes elbow BUT considered posterior bc of innervation
nerve: radial

39
Q
A

brachioradialis

40
Q

describe fxn/origin/insertion/innervation of extensor carpi ulnaris?

what compartment

A

posterior (superficial)

origin: lateral epicondyle
insert: 5th metacarpal bone
fxn: extensor of wrist and ulnar deviation
nerve: radial

41
Q

describe fxn/origin/insertion/innervation of extensor digitorum?

what compartment

A

posterior (superficial)

fxn: extension digits **prime mover for extension wrist and all joints of digits

origin: common extensor tendon

insert: middle/distal phalanges of medial 4 digits

nerve: radial

42
Q

prime mover extension wrist and digits

A

extensor digitorum

43
Q

label. what compartment?

A

left= extensor carpi ulnaris
right= extensor digitorum

superficial layer posterior compartment

44
Q

describe fxn/origin/insertion/nerve of supinator? what compartment is it

A

fxn: supinates forearm
origin: ulna
insert: shaft radius
nerve: radial

posterior, deep

45
Q

describe fxn/origin/insertion/nerve of extensor pollicis longus? what compartment is it

A

fxn: extend thumb (prime mover)
origin: shaft ulna
insert: distal phalanx thumb
nerve: radial

46
Q

what is prime mover extension thumb

A

extensor pollicis longus

47
Q

label. what compartment?

A

top= supinator
bottom= extensor pollicis longus

deep layer, posterior compartment of forearm

48
Q

describe thumb adduction and abduction. what plane is it in?

A

sagittal.

note: thumb is not in same plane as other fingers

49
Q

describe thumb flexion/extension/ what plane?

A

coronal

50
Q

what are the three groups hand muscles are divided into

A

thenar
hypothenar
central

51
Q

describe thenar group

A

bulge at base of thumb

origin: carpal bones
insert: 1st metacarpal, middle & distal phalanges of thumb
fxn: flexion, abduction, opposition of thumb
nerve: median

52
Q

describe hypothenar group

A

bulge base of 5th finger

origin: carpal bones
insert: 5th metacarpal and phalanges of 5th finger
fxn: flexion, abduction, opposition 5th finger
nerve: ulnar

53
Q

describe lumbricals

A

4 muscles, part of central group

origin: tendons of FDP
insert: indirectly to middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5
fxn: flexion metacarpal phalangeal and extension of PIP/DIP
nerve; medial and ulnar

54
Q
A
  1. thenar group
  2. hypothenar group
  3. lumbricals
55
Q

what muscles are these? what group?

describe origin, insertion, fxn, nerve

A

left= palmar interossei
fxn: adduction digits “PAD”

right= dorsal interosseir
fxn: abduction digits “DAB”

origin: metacarpal bones
insert: indirectly to Middle and distal phalanges of digits
nerve: ulnar

56
Q

which nerve supplies most of intrinsic muscles of hand?

A

ulnar

57
Q

describe axilla

A

transitional area btw head/neck/chest and upper limb

(axillary artery and vein and cords of the
brachial plexus pass thru)

58
Q

what is cubital fossa

A

transitional area btw arm and forearm
The median and radial nerves as well as brachial artery
are the main contents of this fossa.

59
Q

label. what are these?

A
  1. axilla
  2. cubital fossa
  3. carpal tunnel

=transitional areas

60
Q

what is this

A

The carpal tunnel is a fibro-osseous tunnel made by the
carpal bones and the thickening of the deep fascia, the flexor
retinaculum, in front of the wrist joint

This tunnel
contains the tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor
digitorum profundus, and flexor pollicis longus muscles as well as
median nerve

CAPS391 Winter 2023 (29 decks)

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