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CAPS391 Winter 2023 > Lecture 33: Eye > Flashcards

Lecture 33: Eye Flashcards

1
Q
A
  1. levator palpebrae superioris muscle
    2.tarsal plate
    3.cornea
    4.conjunctiva
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2
Q

what is inner surface of eyelids lined with

A

conjunctivate. specialized mucous membrane. note: doesn;t cover cornea

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3
Q

tarsal plate

A

2 in image

cartilage forming the skeleton of eyelid.

provides insertion point for levator palpebrae superioris

sebaceous glands embedded in plates

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4
Q

levator palpebrae superioris nerve supply

A

CNIII and sympathetic fibres

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5
Q

cornea

A

anterior transparent part eyeball

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6
Q
A
  1. ciliary body
    2.suspensory lig
  2. pupil
    4.cornea
    5.iris
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7
Q

what are the 3 layers of eyeball from outside to inside

A
  1. Fibrous layer: made of fibrous tissue. Most of posterior part of fibrous layer (5/6) is made of dense irregular connective tissue = sclera. This layer is there to mechanically protect eyeball. Attachment site for E.O. muscles
    * Anterior 1/6 of fibrous layer turns into clear/transparent layer=cornea. Clear due to Due to arrangement collagen fibres AND no blood vessel flowing into it
    1. Vascular layer: posterior 5/6 is called choroid. Brings blood vessels to nourish retina
      • Anteriorly divides into:
        § Ciliary body: made of smooth muscle fibres.
        □ Attached to lens by suspensory ligaments- hold lens in place and change convexity of lens
        § Iris: made of smooth muscle fibres.
        □ At center of iris= pupil
        □ Fxn iris= expand or reduce size of pupil
    2. Nervous layer: posterior 3/4 is called retina. Loaded with photoreceptors convert light to nerve impulses
      • Anterior 1/4 is pigmented epithelium. Covers ciliary body. Lines posterior surface iris.
        § Determines colour of eye
        § No pigment= blue eyes
        Optic nerve (CNII) axons retina
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8
Q

fibrous layer of eyeball

A
  1. Fibrous layer: made of fibrous tissue. Most of posterior part of fibrous layer (5/6) is made of dense irregular connective tissue = sclera. This layer is there to mechanically protect eyeball. Attachment site for E.O. muscles
    * Anterior 1/6 of fibrous layer turns into clear/transparent layer=cornea. Clear due to Due to arrangement collagen fibres AND no blood vessel flowing into it
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9
Q

vascular layer eyeball

A

=middle layer

  1. Vascular layer: posterior 5/6 is called choroid. Brings blood vessels to nourish retina
    * Anteriorly divides into:
    § Ciliary body: made of smooth muscle fibres.
    □ Attached to lens by suspensory ligaments- hold lens in place and change convexity of lens
    § Iris: made of smooth muscle fibres.
    □ At center of iris= pupil
    □ Fxn iris= expand or reduce size of pupil
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10
Q

nervous layer eyeball

A

=inner

  1. Nervous layer: posterior 3/4 is called retina. Loaded with photoreceptors convert light to nerve impulses
    * Anterior 1/4 is pigmented epithelium. Covers ciliary body. Lines posterior surface iris.
    § Determines colour of eye
    § No pigment= blue eyes
    Optic nerve (CNII) axons retina
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11
Q

is pupil dilated by symp or para?

A

symp! maximized light entry into eye

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12
Q
A
  1. macula lutea
  2. optic disk
  3. fovea centralis
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13
Q

blind spot

A

=optic disk

no PRs

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14
Q

macula lutea

A

“yellow spot”
at centre is fovea centralis- higest [PRs]

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15
Q

blood supply eye

A

choroid

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16
Q

what happens to lens when looking at near object

A

lens is super convex.
ciliary body contracts
suspensory ligaments are loose

PSN

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17
Q

what happens to lens when looking at far object

A

ciliary body relaxed
lens is flat

sympathetic NS causes this

18
Q

what muscles is iris comprised of

A

2 sets smooth muscles:

  1. sphincter pupillae aka circular. reduce pupil size. PSN stimulates
  2. dilator pupillae/radial muscles, symp
19
Q
A

1.scleral venous sinus
2. anterior chamber
3.ciliary body
4.posterior chamber
5. vitreous chamber

20
Q

space btw cornea and iris

A

ant chamber

21
Q

space btw iris and lens

A

post chamber

22
Q

what connects anterior and posterior chamber

A

pupil

23
Q

what is purpose of anterior and posterior chamber

A

Both chambers filled with aqueous humour. Produced by ciliary body (to make sure cornea/lens are clear, they have no blood vessels) SO this aq. Humor nourishes cornea/lens

24
Q

venous drainage eye

A

scleral venus sinus at junction of cornea and sclera drains the aqeuous humour

25
Q

vitreous chamber

A

btw lens and retina
filled with vitreosus fluid which shapes eyeball and cushions retina

26
Q

glaucoma

A

extra pressure in ant/post chambers –> transfers to retina thru vitreous body

27
Q
A

1.nasolacrimal duct
2.lacrimal canaliculus
3.lacrimal gland
4.lacrimal sac

28
Q

lacrimal gland

A

upper lateral corner eye. produces tears. controlled by CN VII

29
Q

where do tears go after being produced by lacrimal gland

A

collected in lacrimal sac. in medial corner eye

30
Q

lacrimal canaliculus

A

two ducts which drain from lacrimal lake to lacrimal sac

31
Q

where does lacrimal sac connect

A

nasolacrimal duct. drains tears to inferior meatus, nasal cavity

32
Q

which bones is lacrimal sac btw

A

lacrimal and maxilla

33
Q

what % of cerebral cortex is devoted to processing visual info

A

40

34
Q

sclera

A

posterior 5/6 fibrous layer. dense connective tissue. protects inner eyeball. attchment site for EOM

35
Q

cornea

A

ant. 1/6 fibrous layer

transparent, no blood vessels, covered by conjunctiva. convex anteriorly, helps focus light on retina

36
Q

choroid

A

forms the posterior five sixth of the vascular
layer and lines the inner surface of the sclera. It is highly
vascularised and nourishes the retina. The choroid carries
melanin pigments that absorbs the light rays and prevents the
reflection of light within the eyeball.

37
Q

ciliary body

A

anterior continuation of choroid. secretes aq. humour, modifies convexity of lens

38
Q

iris

A

anterior 1/6 vascular layer. smooth muscles that determine amount light entering eyeball

39
Q

retina

A

posterior 3/4 of nervous layer

40
Q

what determiens colour of eye

A

anterior 1/4 of nervous layer. pigmented epithelium. covers ciliary body. lines posterior surface iris

CAPS391 Winter 2023 (29 decks)

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