Lecture 17: 1881-1918 Flashcards
(44 cards)
What political roles did James Carroll hold between 1887–1919?
James Carroll was the Eastern Māori MP, Waiapu MP, and later the Gisborne MP. He was part of the Liberal Party and served as a Minister in the Liberal Government and on the Executive Council.
What was James Carroll’s stance on Māori land loss?
He attempted to slow the loss of Māori land, but his efforts were ultimately unsuccessful.
Who was Apirana Ngata?
An Eastern Maori MP from 1905-1943 for the Liberal Party
What did Apirana Ngata do as an MP?
supported James Carroll’s efforts to slow Māori land loss.
What was the South Island Landless Natives Act?
The government granted reserves - it allocated land reserves to every South Island Māori
How much land were Maori allocated under the South Island Landless Natives Act (SILNA)?
- 40 acres for every adult
- 20 acres for every child
When was the South Island Landless Natives Act (SILNA) passed?
1906
A year after Hore Kerei Taiaroa’s death
What was the issue with the land allocated under SILNA?
The lands were remote, steep, and largely unusable.
What happened to Tuhoe lands in the Eastern Bay of Plenty between the 1890s–1920s?
The Liberal Government systematically acquired Tuhoe lands via the Native Land Court and forced sales.
What happened when the Reform Party came to power in 1912 under William Massey?
Land sales increased as Ngata and Carroll were no longer in government.
What did the Reform Party prioritize?
although progressive, prioritized land acquisition.
Why did many former Liberal Party members join the Reform Party, even though the Liberal Party had been popular?
Although the Liberal Party had been very popular in earlier decades, by the 1910s it was in decline due to leadership struggles and changing public support. As the Reform Party rose in popularity under William Massey, many former Liberals joined it to remain politically relevant.
Who were the four Māori MPs and their political affiliations during 1912-1919?
- Te Rangihiroa (Northern Māori – Liberal)
- Māui Pomare (Western Māori – Independent)
- Apirana Ngata (Eastern Māori – Liberal)
- Taare Parata (Southern Māori – Liberal)
- James Carroll also held a general seat in Gisborne.
What role did Māui Pomare play under the Reform Government?
Māui Pomare joined the Reform Party and became a Cabinet Minister.
What were Māui Pomare’s views on Māori land and culture?
He supported assimilation, believing Māori should give up their land and become Europeanised. He opposed preserving Māori culture, which encouraged further land sales.
What else is notable about Māui Pomare’s background?
He was from Ngāti Mutunga (a Taranaki iwi), trained as a medical doctor, and promoted Māori health.
What were Māori reactions to World War One?
Māori were divided. North Auckland iwi generally supported the war, while iwi from confiscation areas were mostly anti-war. Some Māori refused to fight in a “colonial” war.
What was Te Puea Herangi’s veiws on WWI?
grand daughter of Tawhiao/Maori King
especially critical and opposed conscription.
During WWI, what area did the government target for conscription of men?
Waikato
What was the Massey government?
refers to the government led by William Massey, Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1912 to 1925
How did the Massey Government treat Māori after World War One?
Returned soldier farm schemes excluded Māori. Land loss continued.
Who was Tahupōtiki Wiremu Rātana and when did he emerge?
Rātana was a Māori faith healer who emerged in 1918 in the Wanganui district, claiming divine inspiration.
What did Tahupōtiki Wiremu Rātana aim to achieve politically?
He aimed to enshrine the Treaty of Waitangi into supreme law and sought justice for Māori through political and spiritual leadership.
What social conditions contributed to Rātana’s rise in popularity?
He rose during a time of post-World War One discrimination, including the denial of pensions to Māori and widespread social inequality.
