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315 - anatomy > Lecture 17:hip And Gluteal Region > Flashcards

Lecture 17:hip And Gluteal Region Flashcards

1
Q

Understand the overall surface anatomy of the gluteal region

A

,

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2
Q

What two bones make up the hip joint

A

Proximal femur and the pelvis

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3
Q

Greater trocamter is lateral or medial

A

Lateral

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4
Q

The femoral head sits in where in the hip joint

A

In the acetabulum

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5
Q

The acetabular fossa holds what structure

A

The proximal femur head

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6
Q

What holds the head of the femur in the acetabulum

A

Ligament of the head of the femur that passes thru the fovea

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7
Q

Ligament of the head of the femur passes thru what structure

A

The fovea

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8
Q

What is the joint classification of the hip joint

A

Ball and socket
Multiracial joint

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9
Q

What does acetanulum stand for

A

Vinegar cup

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10
Q

The acetabulum is lined with what articulatar surface

A

Acetabular labrum

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11
Q

What are the main movements of the hip at the hip joint

A

Flexion/extension
Abduction(adduction
And circumduction
Medial and lateral rotation

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12
Q

Explain the orientation of flexion and extension in the hip

A

I’m saggital plane, around transverse axis

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13
Q

Explain the orientation of abduction and adduction in the hip

A

In coronal plane, arepind sagital axis when. Standing

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14
Q

Circumduction is a mix of what motion

A

Flexion extension
Abduction and Adduction

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15
Q

Medial and lateral rotation is important for what in the lower limb

A

Bipedal gait

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16
Q

The Charleston is medial or lateral rotation

A

Medial

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17
Q

Be able to know the diff movements of the hip

A

Q

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18
Q

What are the main stabilizers of the hip joint (3)

A

Iliofemoral
Pubofemoral
Ischiofemoral

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19
Q

What is the function of iliofemoral

A

Prevents hyper extension during standing and limits lateral rotation

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20
Q

What is the function of pubofemoral

A

Prevents over abduction

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21
Q

What is the function of ischiofemoral lig

A

Limits medial rotation

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22
Q

Which of these limits medial rotation: ischofemoral or pubofemoral

A

Ischoofemoral

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23
Q

Which of these prevents over abduction : ischiofemoral or pubofemoral

A

Pubofemoral

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24
Q

Internal illiac goes to the true or false pelvis

A

True pelvis

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25
Q

External illiac travels along blank and under blank

A

Along pelvis brim and under inguinal ligament

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26
Q

What is the first big branch off the femoral arterial

A

Deep femoral a

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27
Q

What artery gives source to the femoral head and neck (

A

Deep femoral (through circumflex)

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28
Q

Medial femoral circumflex artery goes to where

A

To head and neck (via ring)

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29
Q

Lateral circumflex femoral artery goes to where

A

Arterial ring and greater trochanter

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30
Q

Deep femoral artery gives up what branches that go to the head and neck

A

Medial and lateral femoral circumflex artery

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31
Q

Arterial ring of the limb from deep femoral supplies what

A

Neck and head

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32
Q

Medial and lateral femoral circumflex anastomose to form what

A

Arterial ring

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33
Q

Head and neck of femur supplies by what vessel

A
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34
Q

Nutrient arteries near the head and neck of femur branch off what artery

A

Medial femoral circumflex artery

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35
Q

Foveal artery comes from what artery

A

Obturstor a

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36
Q

Foveal a supplies what

A

acetabulum

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37
Q

Where is the Foveal a located

A

Within ligament of head of femur

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38
Q

Hip dislocations and femoral neck fractures can lead to what

A

A vascular necrosis of femoral head
= death of tissue due to lack of vascualture which leads to collapse of femoral head

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39
Q

What are the ligaments of the pelvis

A

Sacrospinous
Sacrotuberous

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40
Q

What is the function of the ligaments of the pelvis

A

To prevent upward tilting of the distal sacrum, pulls the pelvis down (ie hells anchor sacrum to hip bones)

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41
Q

Sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments help to form what

A

They greater and lesser sciatic foramina (from notches)

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42
Q

Understand location of Sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments and the notches

A
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43
Q

What is the biggest muscle in the body

A

Glute max

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44
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the glute max

A

Posterior sacroiliac ligament, Sacrotuberous ligament

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45
Q

What is the distal attachment of the glute max

A

Gluteal tubercoity and IT band

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46
Q

What is the function of the glute max

A

Extension and lateral rotation of the hip

47
Q

What is the origin of the TFL

A

Asis

48
Q

What is the insertion of the tfl

A

Lateral tibial condyle via IT BAND

49
Q

What is the function of the tfl

A

Abducts and medially rotates hip, stabilizes pelvis while standing , tenses IT BAND

50
Q

What is the iliotibial band

A

Lateral thickening of the fascia lata of the thigh

51
Q

Where does the it band insert

A

On lateral tibial condole

52
Q

What are the 2 main hip abductors

A

Glute med and min

53
Q

What is the origin of the glute med

A

Posterior surface of ilium

54
Q

What is the insertion of the glute med

A

Superior aspect of the greater trochanter

55
Q

What is the function of the glute med

A

Hip abduction

56
Q

What is the origin of the glute min

A

Posterior surface of ilium

57
Q

What is the insertion of the glute min

A

Anterior aspect of greater trochanter

58
Q

What is the function of glute min

A

Medial rotation and abduction, accessory flexor of the hip

59
Q

True or false: the glute min is an accessory flexor of the hip

A

True

60
Q

Hip abductors keeps hits blank

A

Straight

61
Q

What are the lateral rotators of the thigh (6)

A

Piriformins
Superior gemellis
Inferior gemeluus
Quadratus feminist
Obturstor interned
Obturstor external

62
Q

Piriformis exits via what

A

Greater sciatic foramen

63
Q

What is the origin of the piriformis

A

Anterior sacrum

64
Q

What is the insertion of the oiriformis

A

Greater trochanter

65
Q

What is the origin of the superior gemellis

A

Ischial spine

66
Q

What is the insertion of the superior gemmelus

A

Greater trochanter

67
Q

What tendon lies between the two gemellis muscle

A

Tendon of Obturstor internsus

68
Q

What is the origin of the inferior gemellis

A

Ischium

69
Q

What is the insertion of the inferior gemellis

A

Greater trochanter

70
Q

What is the origin of the quadratus femoris

A

Ischium

71
Q

What is the quadratus femoris insertion

A

Intertrochsnteric crest

72
Q

What is the origin of the Obturstor internus

A

Bony borders of the obturstor foramen inside the pelvis

73
Q

What is the insertion of the obturator internus

A

Greater trochanter (exits pelvis through lesser sciatic foramen)

74
Q

How does the Obturstor internus exit the pelvis

A

Through lesser sciatic foramen

75
Q

Locate the lateral rotators of the hip

A
76
Q

What is the origin of the Obturstor external

A

Bony rim of Obturstor foramen external to pelvis

77
Q

What is the insertion of the obturator externus

A

Intertrochanteric crest

78
Q

What is the function of the obturator externus

A

Lateral rotation of the hip

79
Q

Which lateral rotator of hip serves as a landmark for neurovascular structures

A

Piriformis

80
Q

Superior gluteal innervates what

A

Glute med and minimus
Tensor fascia lata

81
Q

Where does the superior gluteal n exit the pelvis

A

Exits pelvis via greater sciatic foramen ABOVE Piriformis

82
Q

True or false; superior gluteal n exits pelvis via greater sciatic foramen below Piriformis

A

False, above

83
Q

What spinal levels does superior gluteal come from

A

L4 - s1

84
Q

Inferior gluteal n innervates what

A

Glute max

85
Q

Where does the inferior gluteal n exit pelvis

A

Via the greater sciatic foramen below the Piriformis

86
Q

Which of these two exits below Piriformis:
sup gluteal n
inf gluteal n

A

Inferior gluteal

87
Q

What spinal levels does the inferior gluteal come from

A

L5-s2

88
Q

What provides cuteanous Innervation to posterior thigh

A

Posterior femoral cutaneous n

89
Q

Whate spinal level does sciatic n come from

A

L4 to s3

90
Q

Understand the location of the neurovascular supply of glute region

A
91
Q

Most lateral rotators get innervation directly from what

A

Sacral nerves

92
Q

what are the lateral rotators that get their innervation directly from the sacral nerves

A

piriformis, gemelli, obturator internus, quadratus femoris

93
Q

what is the only lateral rotator not innervated by the sacral nerves

A

the obturator externus (obturator n)

94
Q

what is the obturator externus innervatedby

A

obturator n

95
Q

what is the common variant for how the sciatic nerve exits near the piriformis

A

passes under the piriformis nerve

96
Q

what are the othre rare variants of how the sciatic n exits near the piriformis

A

splittling of tibial and common fibular divisions of the sciatic nevre

1) common fibular above the piriformins and tibial n below the piriformis

2) common fibular pierces the piriformis n

97
Q

sciatic n divides into what at the piriformis

A

common fibular (more lateral)

tibial n

98
Q

sciatic n is derived from what spinal n

A

L4-S3

99
Q

what are the nerves that supply sensory innervation to the skin of the gluteal region

A

superior cluneal n
medial cluneal n
inferior cluneal n
posterior femoral cutaneous n

100
Q

superior cluneal n is derived from what spinal n

A

L1 L3 dorsal rami

101
Q

inferior cluneal n is derived from what spinal n

A

D/V rami S1-S3

102
Q

medial cluneal n is derived from what spinal n

A

S1-S3 dorsal rami

103
Q

which nerve provides innervation to the posterior thigh

A

posterior femoral cutaneous n

104
Q

posterior femoral cutaneous n is derived from what spinal n

A

D/V rami s1-s3

105
Q

be able tolocate the different sensory nerves for the glute region/

A

.

106
Q

common illiac divides into what

A

external and internal illiac

107
Q

when does external illiac become femoral a

A

after inguinal ligament

108
Q

what are the important branches off the internal illiac a that supply the gluteal region

A

superior gluteal n
inferior gluteal n
obturator artery

109
Q

understand the blood supply to the gluteal region

A

/

110
Q

what is function of the cruciate anastomsis

A

important vascular anastomosis to help redirect blood to the distal lower limb in the event of a blockage between the femoral and external iliac aa

111
Q

which vessels form the cruciate anastomosis

A

inferior gluteal a and lateral circumflex femoral a
medial femoral circ and 1st perforating

112
Q

if there is a blockage of the of the femoral artery how can blood from the lower limb be redirected

A

through the cruciate anastomosis

113
Q

what are the branches of the deep femoral that wrap around the humerus

A

1-4th perforating a

315 - anatomy (25 decks)

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