lecture 23: intrinsic foot Flashcards by Tanya Thibault

the DIP and IP interphalangeal joints of the foot are what type of joint

hinge (flexion/extension)

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the DIP and IP joints of the foot do what movements

flexion and extension

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what type of joint are the metatarsalphaleangeal joints and what movement do they do

condylloid/ellipsoidal joints

flexion/extension, some adduction/abduction

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tarsometatarsal joints are what type of joints

plane and gliding

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why is there limited movement of the tarsometatarsal joints

bound by ligaments

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what two joint boudnaries cut the foot into mid, fore and hind foot

tarsometatarsal
calcaneocuboid

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what joint makes up part of the tranverse tarsal joint

calcaneocuboid jt

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what type of joints are the calcaneocuboid joint

plane/gliding

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what two joints make up the talocalcaneonavicular jt

talocalcenal jt
talonavicular jt

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what tpye of joint is the talocalcaneual jt

glining

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how many talocalcaneal jts

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what type pf joint is the talonavicular jt

modified ball and sock

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what joint allows inversion/eversion

talocalcaneonavicualr jt

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what are the movements possible at the toes

flexion/extension
abduction/adduction

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what is the cernter of division for abduction of toes

2nd digit

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adduction is also known as what position

relaxed position

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what are the 2 intrinsic muscles of the dorsum of the foot

extensor digi brevis
exntor hallucis brevis

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what is the origion of the extensor digi brevis

calcaneus

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what is the isnertion of the extensor digi brevis

tendons of extensor digi longus on digits 2-4 (through expansor hood)

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what is the action of the extension digi brevis

extension of the toes (synergist to EDL)

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what muscle is a synergist to the EDL

EDB

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what is the origin of the extensor hallucis brevis

calcaneus (with EDB)

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what is the insertion of the extnsor hallucis brevis

proximal phalanx of hlalux

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what is the action of the extnsor hallucis brevis (EHB)

extension of the hallux

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the sole of the foot consists of how many layers of muscles

the sole of the foot consists of 4 layers of muscles located deep to what

plantar aponeurosis

what is the plantar aponeurosis

tough aponeurotic sheet on plantar surface of the foot

what is the function of the plantar aponeurosis

protects structures underneath

what is the clinical corrleate of the plantar fasciitis

plantar fascitis

what is plantar fasciatis

inflammation of the plantar appoenrusos near the calcneus

heel pain in the plantar fascitis is common in what

athletes who perform exercises with constant heel striking/load bearing individuals who are obese

how many msucles are there in the first layer of the instrisic plantar muscles

what are the 3 muscles of the first layer of the intrinsic plantar muscles

flexor digitorem brevis abductor digiti minimi abductor hallucis

what is the origin of the flexor digi brevis

calceanus

what is the insertion of the flexor digi brevis

sides of middle phalanx toes 2-5

what is the action of the flexor digi brevis

flexion of the lateral 4 toes at MTP and PIP joints

what is the origin of the abductor digiti minimi

calcaneus

what is the isnertion of the abductor digiti minimi

latearl base of prox phalanx 5

what is the function of the abductor digiti minimi

abduction of MTP 5

what ist he origin of the abductor hallucis

calcaneus

what is the insertion of the abductor hallucis

medial base of prox phalanx 1

what is the action of the abduction hallucis

abduction of MTP 1

flexor digitorem brevis in the toe must split to allow what tendon to pass

flexor digirorem longus

how many muscles/tendons in the second layer of the intrinsic plantar muscles

2 muscles and the tendons of two muscles from psoterior leg compartment

what are the 2 muscles of the second layer of the intrinsic plantar muscles

lumbricals (4) quadratus plantae

what is the origin of lumbricals in platar foot

the flexor digitorem tensons

what is the insertion of lumbricals in the plantar foot

extensor expansion (hood) on toes 2-5

what is teh action of the lumbricals in plantar foot

MTP flexion, IP extension

what is the origin of the quadratus plantae

plantar surface of the calcaneus

what is the insertion of the quadratus plantae

common part of flexor digi longus

what is the action of the quadratus plantae

assist flexor digi longis and "offset" the oblique pull of the flexor digi longus (because it comes meidallu)

what are the 2 tendons in the second later of the intrinsic muscles of the foot

flexor hallucis longus flexor digi longus

how many muscles are there in the third layer of the instrinc plantar muscles

what are the 3 msuscles in the third layer of the instrincic plantar muscles

adductor hallucis flexor figi minimi brevis flexor hallucis brevis

what is the origin of the adductor hallucis

lateral matatarsals and long plantar ligmanet

what is the insertion fo the adductor hallucis

lateral base of PP1

what is the action of the adductor hallucis

adduct MTP1, help mantain tranvserse arch

what are the 2 heads of the adductor hallucis

transverse and oblique heads

what is the origin of the flexor digi minimi brevis

base of MT5

what is the insertion of the flexor digi minimi brevis

flex MTP 5

what are the 2 heads of the fflexor hallucis brevis

medial and alteral

what is the origin of the flexor hallucis brevis

cuboid/cuniforms

what is the insertion of the flexor hallucis brevis

M/L base of PP1

what is the action of the flexor hallucis brevis

flex MTP 1

the sesamoids of the first MTP joints are embedded within tendons of what

flexor hallucis brevis (but they increase lever arm for both flexor hallucis longus and brevis

how many muscles/tendons in the 4th layer of the intrinsic planatr muscles

2 muscles and the tenodnd of two muscles from leg

what are the 2 muscles of the 4th layer of the intrinsic plantar muscles

planar interossei (3x) dorsal interossei (4x)

how many plantar interossei of foot

how many dorsal interossei of food

what are the 2 tendons of the 4th layer of teh intrinsic planar muscles

fibularis longus tendon tibialis post tendon

what is the origin of the plantar interossei of the foot

MT shafts (3-5)

what is the isnertion of the planar interossei of the foot

medial base of PP 3-5

what is the action of the plantar interossei of the foot

adduct toes 3-5

what is the origin of the dorsal interossei of the foot

MT shafts (1-5)

what is the insertion of teh dorsal interossei of the foot

base of PP 2-4

what is the action of the dorsal interossi of the foot

abduct toes 2-4

what n innervates the dorsum of the foot (motor)

deep fibular n

deep fibular n innervates the dorsum of the foot but also provides motor innervation to what otehr area

anterior compartment of the leg

what n provides motor innervation to the extensor digi brevis and extension hallucis bevis

deep fibular

deep fibular n in the foot is located next to what vessel

anterior tibial a

what main vessel provides motor innevration to the sole

tibial (split as medial and lateral plantar)

what are the two branches of the tibial n at the foot after is passes calcaneal region in tarsal tunnel

medial and lateral plantar n

what are the 2 terminal branches of teh tibial n

medial and lateral plantar n

lateral plantar n provides motor innevation to what

adductor hallucis quadratus plantea lumbricals to 3,4,5 both digiti minimi muscles interossei

medial plantar n provides motor innevration to what

abductor hallucis flexor digi brevis flexor hallucis brevis medial lumbrcial (to 2)

lateral plantar n provides motor innevation to whta general area of foot

lateral and deep myscles

medial planatar n provides motor inneravtion to what general area of foot

medial and superficial

what is a terminalsensory branch of the femoral n

saphenous

what are the main sensory banches of the intrinsic foot

saphenous n superficial fibural nerve sural n deep fibular n lateral plantar n medial plantar n medial calceanl branch

what is the vascular supply tp the dorsum of teh foot

anterior tibial (becomes dorsalis pedis)

anterior tibial a crosses under what m

extensor hallucis longus

what vessel supp;ies blood to sole of teh foot

posterial tibial

posterial tibial a splits into what in the sole of the foot

medial and lateral planar

the neurovasculature structurs of the foot travel mainly in what layer

2nd layer of the foot

plantar and arcuate arches communicate via what

deep plantar artery

plantar arch is located deep in what layers

3 and 4