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315 - anatomy > lecture 7: abdominal wall > Flashcards

lecture 7: abdominal wall Flashcards

1
Q

true of false: there are many places of attachment for the abdominal muscles

A

false, there needs fascia and apeunorises

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2
Q

what are the 2 things that make up the supeerfical fascia

A

Campers and Scarpas

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3
Q

which is more superficial fascia: campers or scarpas

A

campers

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4
Q

what is the fascia that enveloppes the abdominal muscles

A

scarpas fascia

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5
Q

what is the position of the external, internal obliques and rectus

A

anterolateral

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6
Q

is apenoris contractile tissue

A

no it is elastic

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7
Q

what is the fascia on the innermost layer layer of the abdomen

A

the transversalis fascia

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8
Q

what layer lies deeper than transversalis fascia

A

peritoneim

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9
Q

what do the 3 anterolateral muscles of abdomen turn into

A

apenorisis and converge into rectus sheath

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10
Q

when the 3 apeunorese of the anterlateral abdominal walls converge what do they form

A

the rectus sheatth

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11
Q

ewhat surrounds the rectus abdominus muscle

A

rectus sheath

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12
Q

what is the abdominal muscle that lies most anteriorly

A

rectus abdominis

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13
Q

when the two rectus sheaths converge at the midline what does it form

A

the linea alba

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14
Q

what is the linea alba

A

convergece of the rectus sheaths
thick and fibrous connective tissue

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15
Q

where does the linea alba lie

A

from the xiphoid process all the way down to pubis

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16
Q

true or false: the 3 anterorlateral muscles form medial apeunoroese

A

true

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17
Q

where do the 3 anteriorlateral muscles converge

A

the linea alba

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18
Q

what are the common functions of thee anteriorlateral muscles

A

bilateral: flexion of the spine
compression of the abdominal musclese
forced expiration

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19
Q

what is the purpose of being able to compress thee abdominal musclse

A

to incrase the abdominal pressuree (ex: giving birth, deefecation)

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20
Q

what is the origin of the extrenal oblique

A

outer surface of ribs 5-12

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21
Q

whatt is tthe insertion of the external oblique

A

linea alba, pelvis (pubic tubercle, illiac crest)

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22
Q

what is thee fiber orientation for external oblique

A

superior/posterior to inf/ant

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23
Q

what are the additional functions of the external oblique (besides flexion and compression)

A

ipsilateral trink flexion (lateral) and contralateral trunk rotation

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24
Q

does the external oblique do contralateral or ipsilateral trunk rotation

A

contrallateral

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25
Q

explain how origin/insertion does not matter to external obliques

A

depending on what is fixed,
you can laterally flex your pelvis to your ribs
or you can bring the ribs to the pelvis

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26
Q

what is the origin of the internal oblique

A

thoracolumbar fascia, illiac crest, anterior superior illiac spine

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27
Q

what is the insertion of the internal oblique

A

inferior border of ribs 10-12, xiphoid, linea alba, pelvis (pubic tubercle and illiac crest)

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28
Q

what is the fiber orientation for the internal oblique

A

variable, the superior half is at right angles to the external oblique

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29
Q

what are the additional features of the internal oblique (besides flexion and compression)

A

ilsilatearl trtunk flexion, and ipsilateral trtunk roattiton)

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30
Q

is the internal oblique responsible for the ipsilateral or contralateral trunk rotation

A

ipsilateral

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31
Q

what is the origin of the trtansversus abdominus

A

thoracolumbar fascia, illiac crest, inner cartilage of T6-T12

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32
Q

what is the insertion of the transversus abdominus

A

linea alba, pubic crest

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33
Q

hat is the fiber orientation of the transversus abdomis

A

transverse

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34
Q

what are the additional functions of the transverse abdominus

A

none but very important for compressing abdominal
contentts (defaction, mictruttion)

35
Q

what is the origin of thee rectus abdom

A

ribs 5-7 and xiphoid

36
Q

what is the insertion of the rectus abdominus

A

pubic crest and symphisis

37
Q

what is the fiber orientation of the rectus abdom

A

superior to inferior (verticle)

38
Q

how many tendinous intersections are there in the rectus abdom

A

3 (sometimes 4)

39
Q

what is the function of the rectus abdom

A

compression of abdominal contents and trunk flexion

40
Q

explain how O/I doesnt matter in rectus abdom

A

if you keeo your pelvis fixed, you can flex you ribs to them

if you keep ribs fixed, you can bring your pelvis in closeer

41
Q

describee the relationship of the rectus sheath to the recttus abdom superior to thee arcuate line

A

there is apeunorosis on eeither side of the rectus muscle

42
Q

describee the relationship of the rectus sheath to the recttus abdom inferior to thee arcuate line

A

all the apenourosis movee anteriorly in front of the resctus
=no more aponeurosis againnst the viscera (area of weeakness)

43
Q

what happens to the apeunorosis below the arcuate line

A

theree is no more aponeurosis against the viscrea maening its an area of weaekness

44
Q

whatt is the consequence of having no apeunorosis against the viscera

A

it is a potential area for weakness (subject to hernias)

45
Q

what is the linea semilunaris

A

the convergence of the oblique/transversus aponeuroses on rectus abdominus

46
Q

what creates the six pack

A

tendinous intersections

47
Q

what general section innervatese the abdominal wall

A

anterior rami (T7-L1)

48
Q

ADD SLIDES ON THE INNNERVATIONNN!!

A
49
Q

what does the internal thoracic split into

A

superior epigasrtic
musculophrenic

50
Q

what two vessels form together to make an anastomosis in he abdominal wall

A

the superior and inferior epigastric

51
Q

the inferior epigastric branches off fof what artery

A

extternal illiac

52
Q

true or false: the inf epigastic artery does not obey the arcuate lig

A

false, it does
When it reaches the arcuate line, it must be tucked underneath it

53
Q

what are the muscles of the posterior abdominal wall

A

diaphragm
psoas minor and major
illiacus
(illiopsoas)

quadratus lumborum
transversus abdominos

54
Q

what two muscles make up the iliopsoas

A

iliacus
psoas major

55
Q

where does the ilipsoas major insert

A

femur (lesser troc)
(crosses the hip joint)

56
Q

since the iliopsoas crosses the hip where is itst main funciton

A

with thee limb

57
Q

true or false: the primary fucntion of psoas major and illiacus is at the upper limb

A

false, lower

58
Q

what is the orogin of psoas minor

A

VB of T12-L1

59
Q

what is the insertion of the psoas minor

A

pubic bone

60
Q

true or false: the psoas minor does not cross the hip jt

A

true

61
Q

what is the origin of the psoas major

A

VB of T12-L5

62
Q

what is thee insertion of the illiacus and psoas major

A

at the lesser troc.

63
Q

what is the primary function of psoas minor, major, illiacus (illipsoas)

A

at the lower limb but also assists in lumbar flexion)

64
Q

what is the secondary function of the illiacus and psoas minor

A

lumbar flexion

65
Q

what is the origin of the quadratus lumborum

A

rib 12 and TP of lumbar vert

66
Q

what is the insertion of the quadratus lumborum

A

illiac crest

67
Q

what is the bilaterial function of quad lumborum

A

extension of the lumbar spine

68
Q

whatt is the unilateral function of the quad lumb

A

lateeral flexion(ipsi)

69
Q

what is the innervation of the quad lumnb

A

T12-L4

70
Q

what is the innervation of the Illiacus and psoas

A

L1-L4

71
Q

what is the level of the diapragm

A

rib 5

72
Q

what are the 3 hiatuses of the diapraghm

A

caval hiatus
esophageal
aortic

73
Q

place the 3 diaphragm hiatuses from sup to inf

A

caval
esophageal
aortic

74
Q

what passes thru tthe caval hiatus

A

inferior vena cava

75
Q

what passes through the esophageal hiatus

A

esophagus

76
Q

what passes through the aortic hiatus

A

aortic

77
Q

which hiatus is closest to the spine

A

tthe aortic hiatus

78
Q

what level is the caval hiatus

A

T8

79
Q

what level is the esophagus hiatus

A

T10

80
Q

what level is the aortic hiatus

A

T12

81
Q

what is the lateral arcuate ligaments formed from

A

meeting of quad lumb with diapgrahm

82
Q

what is the medial artcuatte lig formed by

A

the meeting of he pssoas with the diapgram

83
Q

where does the median artcuate lig surround

A

the aortic hiatus

84
Q

where does the crus surround and what does it form

A

goes around the aortic hiatus to form the median the arttcuate lig

315 - anatomy (25 decks)

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