Lecture 2

Question 1

What is the origin and insertion of the sartorius

Answer 1

O:ASIS
I:medial surface of upper tibia (pes anserine)

Question 2

What is the origin and insertion of the rectus femoris

Answer 2

O: AIIS
I: tibial tuberosity via patella

Question 3

What is the Origin and Insertion of the vastus laterals and vastus medialis

Answer 3

O: Linea aspera
I: tibial tuberosity via patella

Question 4

What is the origin and insertion of the vastus intermedius

Answer 4

O: upper anterior femur
I: tibial tuberosity via patella

Question 5

What innervates the muscles in the anterior thigh

Answer 5

Femoral nerve

Question 6

What is the origin and insertion of the pectineus, adductor longus and adductor brevis

Answer 6

O: Pubis
I: linea aspera

Question 7

What is the action of the pectineus, adductor longus and adductor brevis

Answer 7

Adduct, flex femur

Question 8

What is the innervation of the pectineus

Answer 8

Femoral nerve

Question 9

What is the innervation of the thigh adductor muscles

Answer 9

Obturator N.

Question 10

What is the origin and insertion of the adductor magnus

Answer 10

O: pubis, ischium
I: linea aspera, adductor tubercle

Question 11

What is the innervation of the adductor magnus

Answer 11

sciatic and obturator nn

Question 12

What is the action of the adductor magnus

Answer 12

Adductor femur and extend femur

Question 13

What is the origin and insertion of the semitendinosus

Answer 13

O: ischial tuberosity
I: upper medial tibia (Pes anserine)

Question 14

What is the origin and insertion of the semimebranosus

Answer 14

O: ischial tuberosity
I: Medial condyle of tibia

Question 15

What is the action of the semitendinosus and semimebranosus

Answer 15

Extend femur, flex and medially rotate leg

Question 16

What is the origin and insertion of the biceps femoris

Answer 16

O: Ischial tuberosity (long head), line aspera (short head
I: head of fibula

Question 17

What is the action of the biceps femoris

Answer 17

Flex and laterally rotate the leg, the long head also extends the femur

Question 18

What are the movements at the knee

Answer 18

Flexion/extension, varus /valgus, external/internal rotation

Question 19

What is the pes anserine

Answer 19

Common insertion of the gracilis, sartorius, and semitendinosus

Question 20

What is the attachment for the pes anserine

Answer 20

Medial tibia, deep fascia of the leg

Question 21

What are two roles of the pes anserine

Answer 21

For sure it helps stabilize the knee during partial flexion, it may also provide proprioceptive information for the coordination of the leg muscles

Question 22

What is a common pathology of the pes anserine

Answer 22

Pes anserine bursitis is a common source of knee pain in active young adults and osteoarthritic elderly

Question 23

What are the bones in the knee joint

Answer 23

Femur, tibia, patella. While the fibula is there, it is not real part of the joint.

Question 24

What is the role of the patella

Answer 24

Provide a lever or pulley surface for magnifying pulling forces across the knee

Question 25

What is interesting about the patella

Answer 25

It is a sesamoid bone and is not crucial for knee function

Question 26

What type of joint is the knee

Answer 26

Synovial joint between the femur and tibia, and between the patella and femur

Question 27

what is a common pathology of the knee

Answer 27

Chondromalacia

Question 28

Where is the anterior cruciate ligament

Answer 28

Anterior tibia to inner surface of lateral femoral condyle

Question 29

Where is the posterior cruciate ligament

Answer 29

Posterior tibia to inner surface of medial femoral condyle

Question 30

What is the role of the posterior and anterior crucial ligaments

Answer 30

To prevent posterior and anterior displacement of the femur on the tibia. The anterior limits hyperextension as well

Question 31

Where is the patellar ligament/tendon

Answer 31

A continuation of the quadriceps tendon, it continues anteriorly from patella to insert on tibial tuberosity

Question 32

Where is the fibular collateral ligament

Answer 32

lateral epicondyle of femur to head of fibula

Question 33

Where is the tibial collateral ligament

Answer 33

Medial femoral condyle to medial tibia, below the tibial condyle. attached to the medial meniscus and articular capsule

Question 34

What is the role of the collateral ligaments of the knee

Answer 34

Limit medial and lateral rotation as well as resist varus and valgus forces

Question 35

How many menisci are in the knee

Answer 35

There are 2 C-shaped menisci, medial and lateral

Question 36

What is The Terrible Triad

Answer 36

Torn ACL, MCL, and MM, usually from a lateral force to the knee when the foot is externally rotated

Question 37

What is the oblique popliteal ligament

Answer 37

An extension of the semimembranosus, this ligament strengthens the posterior articular capsule as well as forms the floor of the popliteal fossa

Question 38

What are the 4 bursas in the knee

Answer 38

Suprapatellar (between femur and quad tendon) pre patellar (housemaid's knee), infrapatellar (clergyman's knee), and semimebranosus (baker's cyst)

Question 39

How does one "lock the knee"

Answer 39

In full extension, rotate the femur medially on the tibia

Question 40

How does one 'unlock the knee'

Answer 40

the femur is laterally rotated on the tibia by the popliteus muscle, enabling normal function

Question 41

What are the risks and benefits to locking a knee

Answer 41

It allows stabilizing muscles to relax but puts extra compression on the medial and lateral menisci