Lecture 25: peritoneum and mesenteries

Question 1

Peritoneal cavity

Answer 1

Below diaphragm, surrounded by abdominal wall and pelvic floor. Enclosed in peritoneum

Question 2

Components of peritoneum

Answer 2

Parietal and Visceral peritoneum

Question 3

Serous fluid

Answer 3

Between visceral peritoneum, allows frictionless movement of the organs against each other

Question 4

Mesentary

Answer 4

Double sheet of connective tissue attaching the organs to the abdominal wall

Question 5

mesogastrium

Answer 5

Mesentary connecting to the stomach

Question 6

mesos root

Answer 6

Latin for middle

Question 7

enteron latin root

Answer 7

guts, intestine

Question 8

gaster latin root

Answer 8

belly

Question 9

hepar

Answer 9

means liver in latin

Question 10

lien

Answer 10

means spleen in latin

Question 11

How do the liver, stomach, pancreas and spleen move during embryological rotation?

Answer 11

The liver and stomach rotate to right, the spleen and pancreas to the left.

Question 12

How many layers to greater omentum?

Answer 12

Six-where the transverse mesocolon attaches
Four - in the gastrocolic portion, because a double layer folded in on itself
Two- in gastrophrenic/gastrolienal portions

Question 13

Parietal peritoneum

Answer 13

secondary mesentaries that are not active in suspending the gut

Question 14

Purpose of greater omentum

Answer 14

Bind against the stomach, stop infections from spreading, then a site for fat storage

Question 15

falciform latin

Answer 15

sickle shaped

Question 16

teres latin

Answer 16

round

Question 17

phrenic latin

Answer 17

diaphragm

Question 18

connection between the greater and lesser sac

Answer 18

epiploic/omental foramen, sits under the hepaduodenal ligament

Question 19

Components of lesser omentum

Answer 19

hepatogastric and hepatoduodenal ligaments

Question 20

Components of greater omentum

Answer 20

Gastrolienal, gastrocolic, gastrophrenic

Question 21

Contained within the hepatoduodenal ligament

Answer 21

Common bile duct, portal vein, hepatic artery

Question 22

ventral mesentary

Answer 22

Present embryologically, gives rise to ventral mesogastrium which is attached to liver : hepatoduodenal ligament, hepatogastric ligament, triangular ligaments, coronary ligaments, falciform ligaments

Question 23

dorsal mesentary

Answer 23

Present embryologically, gives rise to dorsal mesogastrium, “the mesentary”, mesentaries of large intestine

Question 24

Dorsal mesogastrium

Answer 24

Made of:
greater omentum: gastrophrenic, gastrolienal, gastrocolic
Adult transverse mesocolon (anterior lamina/side)
Lienorenal or phrenicolienal

Question 25

"the mesentary"

Answer 25

of the small intestine

Question 26

mesentaries of large intestine

Answer 26

adult transverse mesocolon (posterior lamina/side) sigmoid mesocolon mesoappendix

Question 27

How do the intestines rotate embryologically

Answer 27

First grow straight, then herniate into umbilical cord, then rotate within umbilical cord space (which creates the small intestine crossing over the transverse colon), and then squishes back into abdominal space (this creates the waves in the small intestine)

Question 28

greater sac vs. lesser sac

Answer 28

greater sac = peritoneal sac lesser sac = omental bursa. The lesser omentum makes up a wall of the lesser sac. The same does not hold for the greater omentum

Question 29

ligament

Answer 29

A gut suspender that is not a mesentary

Question 30

Suspensary ligament of duodenum

Answer 30

Two muscles. One (smooth) suspends from duodenum, the other (striated) attaches to diaphragm.

Question 31

phrenicocolic ligament

Answer 31

spleen rests on it, closely associated to dorsal mesogastrium

Question 32

broad ligament of uterus

Answer 32

mesometrium --> uterus mesosalpinx --> uterine tubes mesovarium --> ovaries

Question 33

metro

Answer 33

uterus

Question 34

salpinx

Answer 34

trumpet

Question 35

infundibulopelvic or suspensory ligament of ovary

Answer 35

Contains vessels, but not the round ligament of ovary

Question 36

tunica vaginalis comminus

Answer 36

peritoneal folding on testes

Question 37

vesicouterine pouch

Answer 37

Sits between uterus and the bladder, site where infections can develop in female.

Question 38

rectouterine pouch

Answer 38

Sits between uterus and the rectum, site where infections can develop in female.

Question 39

recto vesicle pouch

Answer 39

Sits between rectum and bladder --> infections. | Male

Question 40

Paracolic gutters

Answer 40

Sit to either side of ascending and descending colon.

Question 41

Paramesenteric gutters

Answer 41

between small intestines and the colon

Question 42

Infrahepatic or hepatorenal pouch

Answer 42

Most dorsal when bed-ridden. Communicates through omental bursa