Lecture 4 Flashcards
(44 cards)
What is adaptive immunity
Each barrier in the body’s defences provided a more effective defence than the previous one. Changes depending on need
What does adaptive mean
Changes depending on need
What does acquired mean
Develop it when we need it
What does specific mean
Develop against specific invaders
What does memory mean
Protects agains subsequent infection of same antigen
2 types of adaptive immunity
- Adaptive
2. Passive
What is active adaptive immunity
Self-produced immunity
What is passive adaptive immunity
Transferred immunity
What are the main type of cell involved in adaptive immunity
Lymphocytes
What do lymphocytes determine
Specificity
Where do lymphocytes develop
Bone marrow or thymus
What are the 4 key antigen receptors of the immune system
- TCR = T cell receptors
- MHC class I, every nucleated cell
- MHC class II, only on APCs
- BCR = B cell receptor, B cells
What are the 2 types of T cells
- Helper T cells
2. Killer or cytotoxic T cells
What is the purpose of helper T cell
Help B cells make Ab and help activated cytotoxins T cells, have a molecule called CD4 on their surface
What is the purpose of killer or cytotoxic T cells
Kill infected cells or tumour cells, have molecule called CD8 on their surface
What do B lymphocytes need help from to make Ab
T lymphocytes
Do B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes recognise antigen the same
No, differently
What are the only sort of antigen T cells recognise
Processed antigens presented by an APC
Where do antigens drain
Lymph nodes and spleen
Where does Ag in blood drain
Spleen
What is the function of lymph nodes
Filter lymph
What do swollen lymph nodes mean
Sign of active local immune response
How do the armed ‘effector’ T cells work
Leave lymph node and return to infected tissue
What is the function of killer T cells
Kill infected cells
