lecture 6

Question 1

direct acting parasympathomimetic drugs

Answer 1

immediately active, agonist

Question 2

indirect acting parasympathomimetic drugs

Answer 2

requires additional steps (cholinesterase inhibitors)

Question 3

botulinum toxin

Answer 3

blocks release of ACh from the vesicle it is stored in

Question 4

Snap 25 proteins

Answer 4

can bind vesicle but this is calcium dependent

Question 5

N1 receptor

Answer 5

neuronal type, on demand of ACh

Question 6

N2 receptor

Answer 6

muscle type, muscular end plate

Question 7

depolarisation block

Answer 7

done by desensitization of the nicotinic receptor. only postsynaptic stimulation will cause an action potential

Question 8

M1,3,5 receptor

Answer 8

coupled to Gq, stimulation of PLC causing IP3 release, causing calcium release

Question 9

M1 receptor

Answer 9

nerve cell stimulation, CNS tremor

Question 10

M3 receptor

Answer 10

smooth muscle contraction and exocrine glands secretion

Question 11

M2,4 receptors

Answer 11

inhibitory receptors, Gi, inhibition of AC causing decrease in cAMP.

Question 12

GIRK

Answer 12

stimulated by inhibitory receptors, causing outflux of K+

Question 13

M2 receptor

Answer 13

heart inhibition

Question 14

M4 receptor

Answer 14

striatum and lungs

Question 15

carbachol

Answer 15

charged, indicator for postoperative intestine function and glaucoma

Question 16

pilocarpine

Answer 16

uncharged, indicator for glaucoma

Question 17

non-esterificating inhibitors

Answer 17

competitive inhibition

Question 18

carbamylating inhibitors

Answer 18

enzyme is restored

Question 19

phosphorylating inhibitors

Answer 19

irreversible inhibition

Question 20

pralidoxime

Answer 20

used to treat patients that are exposed to toxins or insecticides

Question 21

neostigmine

Answer 21

can increase ACh concentrations to treat e.g. glaucoma

Question 22

glaucoma

Answer 22

increased pressure in the eye due to weakening of the muscle in the eye

Question 23

myasthenia gravis

Answer 23

antibodies against muscular nicotinic receptors are produced, treated with neostigmine

Question 24

tiotropium

Answer 24

indicator of spasmolysis, poor absorption, doesnt cross blood brain barrier

Question 25

pirenzepine

Answer 25

indicator for duodenal ulcer, selective for M1 receptor

Question 26

atropine

Answer 26

indicator bradycardia, crosses blood brain barrier

Question 27

tubocurarine

Answer 27

in neuromuscular junction, transmission block

Question 28

depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents

Answer 28

nicotinic receptor agonists, e.g. suxamethonium which cant be antagonized however, short duration

Question 29

non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents

Answer 29

nicotinic receptor antagonists e.g. curare, competitively blocks N-receptor, long duration

Question 30

curare

Answer 30

competitive nicotinic receptor antagonist