Lecture 7 Cns Flashcards
(52 cards)
What 2 structures make up the CNS?
Brain and spinal cord
Ascending tracts contain axons with what type of information?
Sensory information for the brain
Descending tracts contain axons with what type of information?
Transmit motor commands from the brain
Define spinal segment
A specific region of the spinal cord where a pair of neurons is able to pass through. (Enter/exit)
How many spinal nerves and segments are there?
31
What type of information do spinal nerves carry?
Motor and sensory information
What is decussation?
Sensory and motor neurons crossing over from one side of the body to the other. (Right side of brain to left side of body)
Primary function of the spinal cord?
To integrate neurons into the brain
Which pathway has more synapses? Complex or simple?
Complex. Simple has only one 1-2 synapse
Why do complex neural pathways have more synapse?
There are more neurons sending information compared to a simple neural pathway only have a sensory neuron, motor neuron, and interneuron
What is the overall job of the brain?
Recieve and interpret sensory input and responding with motor out put
What type of neurons are in the brain?
Interneurons
What is the name of the fluid that is in our brain?
Cerebral spinal fluid
What is csf derived from.
Plasma
What is the function of csf?
Supports and protects our brain, maintains an ionic balance and excretes waste from our brain while we sleep
What part of the cerebrum contains CSF?
Brain ventricles
What is the glymphatic system?
The system in our brain that excretes waste from the brain
How does the glymphatic system work
The brain shrinks and creates space for (csf) -> csf enters the Brains ISF -> then flushed waste through the lymphatic system
What disease is caused by abnormal cerebrospinal fluid accumulation
Hydrocephalus
How is hydrocephalus treated?
A shunt is installed in the head
Distinguish between Cerebrum, cerebral cortex, and cerebral nuclei
-cerebral cortex and cerebral nuclei are both part of the larger cerebrum
- the cerebral cortex is the outer most grey matter of the Brain
- the cerebral nuclei are the innermost gray matter in the brain
Define lateralization
The separation of tasks between the right and left hemispheres. (In reality, they work together)
How is glucose used to image the brain in pet scans
Radioactive glucose is put into your body. (Glucose is the energy for your brain) this allows for images to show where higher brain activity and lower brain activity is occurring. This helps to determine if the Brain is functioning correctly
Damage to which CNS region is associated with
“tremor and difficulty starting and stopping movements
Parkinson’s; caused from loss of dopamine