Study Guide For L3-L4

Question 1

Name the 4 functions of cells and the relevant proteins that perform the function

Answer 1

1) synthesize: polymers for growth, repair, regulation protein = enzymes
2) transport: substances into (nutrients) and out (waste products) of cells or across lines of cells protein = membrane transporters
3) movement: organelle transport, muscle cell contraction protein = motor proteins
4) communications: between cells using ligands that bind to receptors (proteins) protein = receptors

Question 2

Define and differentiate cell membrane vs plasma membrane

Answer 2

?

Question 3

Define nucleus and cytoplasm

Answer 3

Nucleus - is the command center of the cell. Contains nucleolus and makes ribosomes. Holds and protects dna

Cytoplasm - the fluid within the cell. The organelles are surrounded by cytoplasm

Question 4

What are organelles

Answer 4

The mechanisms within the cell that do work. Mitochondria, nucleus, endo plasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus,

Question 5

What is the plasma membrane and it’s function

Answer 5

It is a phospholipid bilayer surrounding the cell. It regulates what enters and exits. It is made from polar phospholipid heads and tails that create little cracks that only certain molecules are able to pass through without assistance

Question 6

What are mitochondria and their function

Answer 6

Power house of the cell. Cell respiration occurs within the mitochondria, this creates cell energy (ATP)

Question 7

What are ribosomes and their functions?

Answer 7

Where protein synthesis takes place in the cell. There are 2 types, bound and free. Bound are connected to the rough endoplasmic reticulum while the other moves freely within the cytoplasm.

Proteins made by the rough er are made for secretion specifically

Question 8

What is the endoplasmic reticulum and its function?

Answer 8

There are two types; rough and smooth. Rough is made for synthesizing proteins while smooth is made for synthesizing lipids and carbs

Question 9

What is the Golgi complex and it’s function

Answer 9

Sort, package, direct protein to their final destinations (lysosomes or secretory vesicles)

Question 10

What are lysosomes and their functions

Answer 10

An enzyme that digest work out organelles or macromolecules. (Take out the old)

Question 11

What are secretory vesicles

Answer 11

Where materials that are sorted in the Golgi complex are sent to be stored until needed by our cells

Question 12

What are peroxisomes

Answer 12

Detoxifying molecule

Question 13

Describe the basic function of cytoskeletal proteins