Lecture 8.1

Question 1

Which is the ‘big’ adductor?

Answer 1

magnus

Question 2

The Gluteus medius and minimus help to do ___ _____ in addition to abduction

Answer 2

medial rotation

Question 3

what are the fixators of the hip joint and what other movement do they produce?

Answer 3

Piriformis
Superior gemellus
obturator internus
inferior gemellus
quadrats femoris

also act as later rotators

Question 4

Which nerve innervates the gluteus medius and minimus?

Answer 4

Superior Gluteal nerve

Question 5

Which nerves supply the hip joint?

Answer 5

anteriorly - femoral
inferiorly - Obturator (ant. division)

Posteriorly - superior gluteal nerve to quadratus femors
sciatic

Question 6

the hip may refer pain to the _____ becase

Answer 6

knee - it lies deeper to the knee and has same innervation

Question 7

Which blood vessels (from the femoral artery) mainly supplies the hip joint?

Answer 7

medial and later circumflex arteries

Question 8

The knee is a ___ joint

Answer 8

compound - more than two bones articulating

tibiofemoral and
patellofemoral

also a modified hinge joint
F/E and rotation

Question 9

The knee is most stable in ______

Answer 9

extension

Question 10

Why does the knee have poor bone congruence?

Answer 10

condyles are not the same size

shape of articulation - femur and tibia meet at an oblique angle

Question 11

The articular capsule attaches at articular margins and _____

Answer 11

menisci

Question 12

The two deficiencies in the knee capsule are from what anteriorly and posteriorly?

Answer 12

anterior: Suprapatella bursa
posterior: popliteal tendon

Question 13

overuse of the joint can result in synovial ______

Answer 13

synovial effusion - rapid swelling

Question 14

What is the name of the communication bursae deep to the patella?

Answer 14

suprapatella bursae

Question 15

the vastus _______ has tiny fibres that attach to the suprapatella bursae and pull it out of the way in extension- to stop ______

Answer 15

the vastus intermedius has tiny fibres that attach to the suprapatella bursae and pull it out of the way in extension- to stop pinching

Question 16

True or False

The subcutaneous prepatella bursae is non-communicating

Answer 16

true

Lies superficial to the patella

Question 17

The ______ ______ bursae is prone to inflammation and infection

Answer 17

The subcutaneous infrapatella bursae is prone to inflammation

Question 18

What are the exterior ligaments of the knee?

Answer 18

Ligamentum patellae

oblique popliteal ligament

Arcuate popliteal ligament

Question 19

What are the intrinsic ligaments of the knee:

Answer 19

ACL/PCL

Transverse ligament - connect the menisci

Question 20

The medial colateral ligament is _____

Answer 20

wider

Question 21

The MCL attaches to the medial ____

Answer 21

meniscus

Question 22

The MCL works with the ACL to stop the ____ moving too far forward

Answer 22

The MCL works with the ACL to stop the tibia moving too far forward

Question 23

The lateral colateral Ligament is separated from lateral meniscus by _____tendon

Answer 23

popliteal tendon

Question 24

Both the LCL and MCL are taut in _______

Answer 24

Extension

Question 25

Cruciate ligaments stop excessive _____/_____ displacement

Answer 25

Cruciate ligaments stop excessive anterior/posterior displacement

Question 26

The ACL is prone to injury in _____ and ______ knee

Answer 26

The ACL is prone to injury in flexed and rotated knee

Question 27

The __ assists internal rotation of femur and contributed to locking

Answer 27

ACL

Question 28

The PCL is taut in full ____

Answer 28

flexion

Question 29

The mensici allow separate movements in the knee joint capsule during rotation the menisci hug the ______ end of the femur

Answer 29

inferior

Question 30

Ligament and meniscal damage is most common in ______ sports

Answer 30

twisting

Question 31

The ______ muscle locks and unlocks the knee in conjunct rotation

Answer 31

Popliteus "pops" the knee out and mobile

Question 32

Adjunct is when your knee is flexed and can do internal and external rotation, which muscles allow this?

Answer 32

semitendinosus and Biceps femoris

Question 33

The medial condyle is ______- which helps with the passive locking mechanism

Answer 33

longer

Question 34

The femoral artery goes through the adductor ____

Answer 34

hiatus

Question 35

The branches that supply the knee are called _____

Answer 35

genicular arteries lots of them, lots of blood supply

Question 36

If contact is with the lateral condyles of the knee it is called genu ____

Answer 36

valgum

Question 37

The patella increases the pull of the ____ along the long axis of the lower limb - it makes contact with the ____ tuberosity (via patella ligament) at a ____angle = more leverage

Answer 37

The patella increases the pull of the quads along the long axis of the lower limb - it makes contact with the tibial tuberosity at a greater angle = more leverage

Question 38

Due the oblique angle of the femur, the tendency is for the patella to be pulled ______

Answer 38

Due the oblique angle of the femur, the tendency is for the patella to be pulled laterally

Question 39

What are the factors that prevent the patella from displacing laterally?

Answer 39

active contraction of vastus medialis medial patella retinaculum Raised lip on lateral femoral condyle (the lateral condyle of the femur has an anterior projection)