Lecture 9.0 - Abnormal genito-anal findings Notes

Question 1

Areas most likely to be damaged with rape

Answer 1

• inner thigh
• Libia majora
• Clitoris
• urethra
• Anus

Question 2

Features seen when rape did occur

Answer 2

• Evidence of acute genital trauma
• Structural hymenal changes
• Sequelae: STIs, pregnancy

Question 3

Features of acute genital trauma

Answer 3

• T -tenderness (pain or discomfort when an affected area is touched) /tears / laceration
• E -ecchymoses (bruise)
• A -abrasions (cuts)
• R -redness (erythema)
• S -swelling/scars

Question 4

Two forms of hymen penetration

Answer 4

• Transection of the hymen: tear/laceration through entire width
• Partial tear/laceration: does not extend to the vaginal
  wall

Question 5

Sign there was frequent vaginal penetration

Answer 5

Carunculae myrtiformes

Question 6

Anal changes after rape

Answer 6

• Acute trauma
• Chronic changes:
  -Muco-cutaneous changes (alterations or abnormalities that occur in both mucous membranes)
  -Venous engorgement (become swollen and visible)
  -Dilation

Question 7

Structural changes after rape

Answer 7

• Muco-cutaneous:
  – Thickening
  – Distortion(sense of twisting there)
• Venous engorgement
  – Localized or diffuse
  – Within 30 seconds
• Dilatation
  – All three muscle groups
  – Within 30 seconds
  – No visible stool

Question 8

Are legal principles not medical diagnoses

*coz courts determine credibility of history

Answer 8

• Rape & consent

Question 9

The presence or absence of injuries do not answer
this question_____

Answer 9

The question of sexual consent

*Akhona or awekho ama injuries, leyonto tells us nothing bout whether consent was given or not, nothing.

Question 10

These two are not synonymous

Answer 10

• Traumatic vs.
• non-consensual penetration

*Coz rape can be non-consentual without being traumatic. U cn be left with no scars on certain rapes nor pain.

Question 11

Hormone responsible for growth of female reproductive organs

Answer 11

oestrogen