PATHOLOGY OF RADIATION

Question 1

What is radiation?

Answer 1

Energy that travels across the electromagnetic spectrum in the
form of waves or particles

Question 2

What are the features of ionizing radiation?

Answer 2

• It forms ions when interacting with matters, leading to the release of electrons.
• Production of ions requires energy of short wavelengths and
  high frequency

Question 3

What are the features of non-ionizing radiation?

Answer 3

• Characterized by long wavelengths, and low frequencies
• Produce vibration and rotation of atoms in biologic molecules
  E.g. Ultraviolet light, infrared light, electric power, radio waves
  and microwaves

Question 4

What does the unit of measurement of radiation essentially refers to?

Answer 4

• Amount of radiation emitted
• Radiation dose absorbed by a person
• Biologic effect of radiation

Question 5

What is the current unit of the absorbed dose?

Answer 5

Gray- GY

• 1 GY=100 rad

Question 6

what are the two effects of radiation?

Answer 6

1. Acute effects
   Occur within a few minutes to a few months after exposure, due to high level exposure over short period
2. Intermediate and late effects
   Occurs within a few months to years after exposure..

Question 7

What are the possible efffects of radiation?

Answer 7

• Nuclear swelling and clumping of chromatin
• Nuclear pleomorphism
• Giant cell transformation
• Cytoplasmic swelling
• Increase mitotic rate
• Vascular changes