Lesson 1: Sarcomere, Muscle Fiber Types, and Muscle Contraction Types

Question 1

The ______ of the sarcomere can vary the ability to produce tension during movement

Answer 1

length

Question 2

What happens to the muscle when the sarcomere length increases and tension decreases?

Answer 2

Extension

Question 3

What happens to the muscle when the sarcomere length shortens and tension decreases?

Answer 3

Flexion

Question 4

Optimal tension and/or force application can be produced when ___________________.

Answer 4

actin and myosin are optimally overlapped

Question 5

We are looking for _____ overlap, not full overlap.

Answer 5

optimal

Question 6

Why is the midpoint easiest in an exercise?

Answer 6

Because the actin and myosin are optimally overlapped

Question 7

When the actin and myosin are completely overlapped, the tension is small/optimal/great

Answer 7

great

Question 8

When the actin and myosin are not overlapped at all, the tension is small/optimal/great

Answer 8

small

Question 9

True or false: People do not contain a uniform set of skeletal muscle fibers

Answer 9

True

Question 10

2 main types of muscle fiber types:

Answer 10

Slow-twitch
Fast-twitch

Question 11

Which muscle type is this?
Low force production

Answer 11

Slow-twitch (type I)

Question 12

Which muscle type is this?
High force production

Answer 12

Fast-twitch (type II)

Question 13

True or False: each motor unit is either slow-twitch or fast-twitch.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Which muscle type is this?
Slow contraction speed

Answer 14

Slow-twitch

Question 15

Which muscle type is this?
Fast contraction speed

Answer 15

Fast-twitch

Question 16

Which muscle type is this?
High resistance to fatigue

Answer 16

Slow-twitch

Question 17

Which muscle type is this?
Smaller motor unit

Answer 17

Slow-twitch

Question 18

Which muscle type is this?
Fatigue easily

Answer 18

Fast-twitch

Question 19

Which muscle type is this?
Larger motor unit

Answer 19

Fast-twitch

Question 20

In slow-twitch fibers, ATP synthesis occurs through anaerobic/aerobic means, such as

Answer 20

Aerobic; Lipolysis, slow glycolysis, etc.

Question 21

Slow-twitch fibers have a fast/slow calcium handing ability

Answer 21

Slow

Question 22

Why are slow-twitch fibers a darker, red color?

Answer 22

Because they contain large and many mitochondria

Question 23

Why do slow-twitch fibers contain so much mitochondria?

Answer 23

To power aerobic energy systems

Question 24

Slow-twitch fibers have high/low myosin ATPase activity

Answer 24

low

Question 25

Slow-twitch fibers are also known as ______

Answer 25

Type 1; Slow-oxidative

Question 26

How can you find out your muscle type makeup?

Answer 26

MUSCLE BIOPSY. Eek.

Question 27

What do we mean by “twitch”

Answer 27

How fast can we get the AP to the muscle fiber to allow contraction

Question 28

Can you turn a type I muscle fiber into a type II?

Answer 28

No. BUT, you can train them to make them better suited for the other type.

Question 29

Major storage fuel of Type I fibers:

Answer 29

Triacylglycerol

Question 30

Major storage fuel of Type IIa fibers:

Answer 30

Creatine Phosphate; glycogen