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MicroPara LEC > Lesson 11 > Flashcards

Lesson 11 Flashcards

1
Q

The systematic study of interrelationships that exist between organisms and their environment

A

Ecology

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2
Q

The interrelationships between humans and the world around them

A

Ecology

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3
Q

The interrelationships between microorganisms and the world aroung them

A

Microbial ecology

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4
Q

The living together or close association of two dissimilar organisms

A

Symbiosis

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5
Q

The organisms that live together in such a relationship

A

Symbionts

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6
Q

Used to describe a symbiotic relationship in which neither a symbiont is affected by the relationship

A

Neutralism

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7
Q

It reflects a situation in which different microorganisms occupy the same ecologic niche, but have absolutely no effect on each other

A

Neutralism

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8
Q

A symbiotic relationship that is beneficial to one symbiont and no consequence

A

Commensalism

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9
Q

A living organism that harbors another living organism

A

Host

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10
Q

A symbiotic relationship that is beneficial ti both symbionts

A

Mutualism

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11
Q

Escherichia ecoli is what symbiotic relationship

A

Mutualism

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12
Q

A blood clotting factor that is essential to humans

A

Vitamin K

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13
Q

A symbiotic relationship that is beneficial to one symbiont and detrimental to the other symbiont

A

Parasitism

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14
Q

Parasites that do not cause disease, but take only the nutrients they need to exist

A

Smart parasites

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15
Q

Parasites that kill their hosts then they must either find a new host or die

A

Dumb parasites

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16
Q

Also known as normal flora

A

Indigenous microflora or microbiota

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17
Q

Includes all the microbes that reside on and within that person

A

Indigenous microflora

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18
Q

Does a fetus has indigenous microflora?

A

No

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19
Q

It takes up temporary residence on and within humans

A

Transient microflora

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20
Q

Such an overgrowth or population explosion of an organism that is usually present in low numbers

A

Superinfection

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21
Q

The resident microflora of the skin consists primarily of

A

Bacteria and fungi

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22
Q

The most common bacteria on the skin are

A

Staphylococcus, Corynebscterium, Propionibacterium spp

23
Q

Which part of the ear are sterile

Middle ear
Inner ear
Outer ear
Auditory canal

A

Only middle and inner ear

24
Q

The common organism in the indigenous microflora of the mouth are various species of

A

A hemolytic streptococci

25
Q

A gram negative bacillus that lives in some people’s stomach and is a common cause of ulcers

A

Helicobacter Pylori

26
Q

The duodenum is what intestine

A

Small intestine

27
Q

The jejunum and ileum is what intestine

A

Large intestine

28
Q

The colon contains primarily

A

Bacteria

29
Q

The most common cause of UTI

A

E. Coli

30
Q

The part of urethra farthest from the urinary bladder

A

Distal urethra

31
Q

The most frequent causes of urethral infection

A

Chlamydia trachomatis
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Mycoplasmas

32
Q

The term microbial antagonism means

A

Microbes versus microbes
Microbes against microbes

33
Q

The term microbial antagonism means

A

Microbes versus microbes
Microbes against microbes

34
Q

Can be thought of as organisms that are hanging around, awaiting the opportunity to cause infection

A

Opportunistic pathogens

35
Q

Bacteria and yeast that are ingested to reestablish and stabilize the microbial balance within our bodies

A

Biotherapeutic agents or probiotics

36
Q

Another name for biotherapeutic agents

A

Probiotics

37
Q

Complex and persistent communities of assorted organisms

A

Biofilms

38
Q

The bacteria grow in tiny clusters

A

Microcolonies

39
Q

Two or more microbes “team up” to produce a disease that neither could cause by itself

A

Synergism or synergistic relationship

40
Q

Diseases cause by synergism

A

Synergistic infections
Polymicrobial infections
Mixed infections

41
Q

Involves nitrogen-fixing bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, and denitrifying bacteria

A

Nitrogen cycle

42
Q

Also known as chemolitotroph bacteria

A

Nitrifying bacteria

43
Q

A group of bacteria convertt nitrates to atmospheric nitrogen gas (N2)

A

Denitrifying bacteria

44
Q

Infectious disease of farm animals

A
  1. Prion D.
  2. Viral D.
  3. Bacterial D.
  4. Fungal D.
  5. Protozoal D.
45
Q

What infectious disease:
Bovine spongiform encelopathy (BSE), scrapie

A

Prion diseases

46
Q

What infectious disease:
Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, influenza, rabies, swine pox, warts

A

Viral D.

47
Q

What infectious disease:
Pneumonia, leptospirosis, mastitis, salmonellosis, tuberculosis

A

Bacterial D.

48
Q

What infectious disease:
Ringworm

A

Fungal Disease

49
Q

What infectious disease:
Anaplasmosis, bovine trichomoniasis, cattle tick fever, coccidiosis

A

Protozoal D.

50
Q

Any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products

A

Biotechnology

51
Q

Bacteria can be used as sources of vitamins

A

B2 -Riboflavin
B7 - Biotic
B9 - Folic Acid
B12 - Cyanacobalamin
K2

52
Q

Example of antibiotic produced by fungi

A

Penicillin and Cephalosporin

53
Q

Used in production of alcoholic beverages

A

Yeast

MicroPara LEC (29 decks)

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