Lesson 17 Part 2

Question 1

Small, anti-viral proteins produced by virus infected cells

Answer 1

Interferons

Question 2

They “interfere” with viral replication

Answer 2

Interferons

Question 3

Three known type of Interferons

Answer 3

Alpha (a)
Beta (b)
Gamma (y)

Question 4

Produced by B lymphocytes (B cells), monocytes and macrophages

Answer 4

A-interferon

Question 5

Produced by fibroblast and other virus-infected cells

Answer 5

B-interferom

Question 6

Produced by T-lymphocytes and natural killer cells

Answer 6

Y-interferon

Question 7

The compelment system is also known as

Answer 7

Complement cascade

Question 8

A non-specific host defense mechanism that assists in the destruction of many different pathogens

Answer 8

Complement cascade

Question 9

A process by which phagocytosis is facilitated by the deposition of opsonins

Answer 9

Opsonization

Question 10

A process by which phagocytosis is facilitated by deposition of opsonin

Answer 10

Opsonizatiom

Question 11

Plasma levels of molecules increase rapidly in response to infection, inflammation, and tissue injury

Answer 11

Acute-phase protein

Question 12

Used as a laboratory marker for, or indication of, inflammation

Answer 12

C-reactive proteins

Question 13

Chemical mediators that are release from many different types of cell in human body

Answer 13

Cytokines

Question 14

The body normally responds to any local injury, irritation, microbial invasion, or bacterial toxin

Answer 14

Inflammation

Question 15

The primary purpose of the inflammatory response are to:

Answer 15

1. Localize an infection
2. Prevent the spread of microbial invader
3. Naturalize any toxin being produced at the site
4. Aid in repair of the damage tissue

Question 16

Four cardinal signs of inflammation

Answer 16

Redness
Heat
Swelling (edema)
Pain

Question 17

An increase in the diameter of capillaries

Answer 17

Vasodilation

Question 18

Vasodilation leads to ____

Answer 18

Redness
Heat
Swelling

Question 19

Purulent inflammatory exudate

Answer 19

Pus

Question 20

This system helps in draining and circulating intracellular fluids from tissues

Answer 20

Lymphatic system

Question 21

Three major categories of leukocytes

Answer 21

Monocytes
Lymphocytes
Granulocytes

Question 22

Three types of granulocytes

Answer 22

Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils

Question 23

The two most important groups of phagocytes

Answer 23

Macrophages
Neutrophils

Question 24

Macrophages and neutrophils are also called as

Answer 24

Professional phagocytes

Question 25

They serve as “clean-up crew” to rid the body of unwanted and often harmful substances

Answer 25

Macrophages

Question 26

What are the phagocytic granulocytes

Answer 26

Neutrophils
Eosinophils

Question 27

Neutrophils are also known as

Answer 27

Polymorphonuclear cells / PMNs

Question 28

An abnormally high number of eosinophils in the peripheral bloodstream

Answer 28

Eosinophilia

Question 29

Macrophages develop from a type of leukocytes during the inflammatory response to infections

Answer 29

Monocytes

Question 30

Leave the bloodstream and migrate to sites of infection and other areas where they are needed

Answer 30

Wandering macrophages

Question 31

The macrophages remain within the tissues and organs

Answer 31

Fixed macrophages

Question 32

Four steps in phagocytosis

Answer 32

Chemotaxis
Attachment
Ingestion
Digestion

Question 33

Step in phagocytosis: pseudopodia surround tho object, and is taken in the cell

Answer 33

Ingestion

Question 34

Step in phagocytosis: a phagocytes attaches in the cells

Answer 34

Attachment

Question 35

Step in phagocytosis: the object is broken down and dissolve by digestive enzyme

Answer 35

Digestion

Question 36

Step in phagocytosis: phagocytes are attracted by chemotactic agents to the sites they are needed

Answer 36

Chemotaxis